ollege access and social mobility in the labor market. We find the expansion has enhanced the social strata replication rather than reproduction We first estimate the impact on college access using Binary Logit Model and Multinomial Logit Model. Chinese higher education is rather exclusive than inclusive during the expansion which means students from higher social class families have larger possibilities to access to elite universities, other things being equal. The effect of family social stratification background on students educational stratification is large ng seconda ool period, We don't find evidence that family background influences choice of major We then examine how college quality can affect students'labor market choice and performance using Multinomial Logit Model, Ordinal Logit Model and Tobit Model. Controlling family background, higher education quality is positively correlated with the higher probability that students choose a market oriented job and with higher starting salaries. However, if the expansion diminishes higher education quality as suggested by many qualitative studies, it akens the role of higher education as a way of upward social mobility. e learn from this study that it is not an optimal policy for the government to develop China higher education solely by expanding its scale without increasing its quality. More attention should be paid to guarantee the quality during any education policy changes, and to ensure educational equality in K-12 Keywords: Higher education exp education quality, social stratification 、问题提出 在高等教育学生分层研究中的一个重要问题是:教育真的有助于 向上社会流动吗?(Zhou,2004;钱民辉,2004;刘精明,2005;吴晓刚 2009)。高等教育的学生分层预示着高等教育机会的不平等。研究表 明,随着中国的改革开放和经济转型,教育机会分配的不平等程度逐 步加强,家庭背景及制度因素对教育获得的影响不断上升(李春玲 2003;杨东平,2006;吴愈晓,2013a)。李路路(2002)认为,无论在改 革前,还是在改革后,中国城市社会阶层的结构关系存在一定流动 性,但阶层的继承性或复制能力远强于这种流动性。 ·194ｃｏｌｌｅｇｅａｃｃｅｓｓａｎｄｓｏｃｉａｌｍｏｂｉｌｉｔｙｉｎｔｈｅｌａｂｏｒｍａｒｋｅｔ．Ｗｅｆｉｎｄｔｈｅｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ ｈａｓｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄｔｈｅｓｏｃｉａｌｓｔｒａｔａｒｅｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｒａｔｈｅｒｔｈａｎｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ． ＷｅｆｉｒｓｔｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｔｈｅｉｍｐａｃｔｏｎｃｏｌｌｅｇｅａｃｃｅｓｓｕｓｉｎｇＢｉｎａｒｙＬｏｇｉｔＭｏｄｅｌ ａｎｄＭｕｌｔｉｎｏｍｉａｌＬｏｇｉｔＭｏｄｅｌ．Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅｈｉｇｈｅｒｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｉｓｒａｔｈｅｒｅｘｃｌｕｓｉｖｅｔｈａｎ ｉｎｃｌｕｓｉｖｅｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎｗｈｉｃｈ ｍｅａｎｓｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｓｆｒｏｍｈｉｇｈｅｒｓｏｃｉａｌｃｌａｓｓ ｆａｍｉｌｉｅｓｈａｖｅｌａｒｇｅｒｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓｔｏａｃｃｅｓｓｔｏｅｌｉｔｅｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｉｅｓ，ｏｔｈｅｒｔｈｉｎｇｓ ｂｅｉｎｇｅｑｕａｌ．Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｆａｍｉｌｙｓｏｃｉａｌｓｔｒａｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄｏｎｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｓ’ ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎａｌｓｔｒａｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｓｌａｒｇｅｒｄｕｒｉｎｇｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙｓｃｈｏｏｌｐｅｒｉｏｄ．Ｗｅｄｏｎ’ｔｆｉｎｄ ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｔｈａｔｆａｍｉｌｙｂａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｓｃｈｏｉｃｅｏｆｍａｊｏｒ． Ｗｅｔｈｅｎｅｘａｍｉｎｅｈｏｗｃｏｌｌｅｇｅｑｕａｌｉｔｙｃａｎａｆｆｅｃｔｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｓ’ｌａｂｏｒｍａｒｋｅｔ ｃｈｏｉｃｅａｎｄｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅｕｓｉｎｇ ＭｕｌｔｉｎｏｍｉａｌＬｏｇｉｔＭｏｄｅｌ，ＯｒｄｉｎａｌＬｏｇｉｔＭｏｄｅｌ ａｎｄＴｏｂｉｔＭｏｄｅｌ．Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｉｎｇｆａｍｉｌｙｂａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄ，ｈｉｇｈｅｒｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｑｕａｌｉｔｙｉｓ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅｌｙｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｈｉｇｈｅｒｐｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙｔｈａｔｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｓｃｈｏｏｓｅａｍａｒｋｅｔ－ ｏｒｉｅｎｔｅｄｊｏｂａｎｄ ｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｅｒｓｔａｒｔｉｎｇｓａｌａｒｉｅｓ．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｉｆｔｈｅｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ ｄｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｅｓｈｉｇｈｅｒｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｑｕａｌｉｔｙａｓｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｅｄｂｙｍａｎｙｑｕａｌｉｔａｔｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ，ｉｔ ｗｅａｋｅｎｓｔｈｅｒｏｌｅｏｆｈｉｇｈｅｒｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎａｓａｗａｙｏｆｕｐｗａｒｄｓｏｃｉａｌｍｏｂｉｌｉｔｙ． Ｗｅｌｅａｒｎｆｒｏｍｔｈｉｓｓｔｕｄｙｔｈａｔｉｔｉｓｎｏｔａｎｏｐｔｉｍａｌｐｏｌｉｃｙｆｏｒｔｈｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ ｔｏｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ Ｃｈｉｎａ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ ｓｏｌｅｌｙ ｂｙ ｅｘｐａｎｄｉｎｇｉｔｓ ｓｃａｌｅ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｉｔｓｑｕａｌｉｔｙ．Ｍｏｒｅａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｐａｉｄｔｏｇｕａｒａｎｔｅｅｔｈｅｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ｄｕｒｉｎｇａｎｙｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｐｏｌｉｃｙｃｈａｎｇｅｓ，ａｎｄｔｏｅｎｓｕｒｅｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎａｌｅｑｕａｌｉｔｙｉｎＫ－１２ ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎａｓｗｅｌｌ． Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：Ｈｉｇｈｅｒｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ，ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｑｕａｌｉｔｙ，ｓｏｃｉａｌｓｔｒａｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ 一、问题提出 在高等教育学生分层研究中的一个重要问题是：教育真的有助于 向上社 会 流 动 吗？（Ｚｈｏｕ，２００４；钱 民 辉，２００４；刘 精 明，２００５；吴 晓 刚， ２００９）。高等教育的学生分层预示着高等教育机会的不平等。研究表 明，随着中国的改革开放和经济转型，教 育 机 会 分 配 的 不 平 等 程 度 逐 步加强，家庭背景及制度 因 素 对 教 育 获 得 的 影 响 不 断 上 升（李 春 玲， ２００３；杨东平，２００６；吴愈 晓，２０１３ａ）。李 路 路（２００２）认 为，无 论 在 改 革前，还是在 改 革 后，中 国 城 市 社 会 阶 层 的 结 构 关 系 存 在 一 定 流 动 性，但阶层的继承性或复制能力远强于这种流动性。 · ４９１ · 社会·２０１５·３