True: Growing and dividing cells need to use substrate to provide energy and materials for growth, maintenance and product formation. In immobilised (non-growing) systems the energy and materials are only required for cell maintenance and product formation

Preface The BIOTOL series of texts are designed to provide a self-study resource concerning the principles, practices and applications of biotechnology. This text is designed to explain how biotechnology may be applied to solve problems encountered in the production and use of organic chemicals in a wide

Teaching assistant: Requirement: Write in English with correct grammar. Expressions made of only keywords piled together are NOT acceptable. Leave no chance for guessing

1. A brief history of understanding protein metabolism; 2. The studies leading to the deciphering of the genetic codes; 3. The pathway leading to the synthesis of a functional protein; 4. Current understanding on protein targeting and degradation

8. 1 Introduction 8.2 Essential and nonessential amino acid Stereochemistry of amino acids 8. 4 Amino acid fermentation 8.5 Recovery of the amino acid from the fermentation broth

7.1 Introduction 7. 2 Origin and composition 7.3 Exopolysaccharide structure 7. 4 Medium composition for exopolysaccharide production

十、常用蛋白质分子量标准参照物

6.1 An introduction to antibiotics 6. 2 General strategies for the production of antibiotics 6.3 a brief history of penicillin production 6.4 Antibacterial mode of action of B-lactam antibiotics

4.1 Introduction 4.2 Conventional protein sources 4.3 Single cell protein 4.4 Substrates for SCP production 4.5 Micro-organisms for SCP production

Biocatalysts in organic chemical synthesis 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Micro-organisms as catalysts of organic synthesis 2.3 Enzyme preparations versus whole cell processes 2.4 Scale of production 2.5 Modes of operation of bioprocesses 2.6 Biotechnological processes verses chemical synthetic processes