Teaching assistant: Requirement: Write in English with correct grammar. Expressions made of only keywords piled together are NOT acceptable. Leave no chance for guessing

1. A brief history of understanding protein metabolism; 2. The studies leading to the deciphering of the genetic codes; 3. The pathway leading to the synthesis of a functional protein; 4. Current understanding on protein targeting and degradation

5.1 Introduction 5.2 Metabolic pathways and metabolic control mechanisms 5.3 The industrial production of citric acid 5.4 The production of other TCA cycle intermediates

9.1 Introduction 9.2 The structure, roles and abundance of sterols and steroids 9.3 Selective degradation of the sterol side chain 9.4 Specific steroid interconversions and reactions 9.5 Transformation of other terpenoids

十、常用蛋白质分子量标准参照物

Contents How to use an open learning text Preface 1 An introduction to biotechnological innovations Industry G. Mijnbeek and C. K. Leach 2 Biocatalyst in organic chemical synthesis R O. Jenkins

True: Growing and dividing cells need to use substrate to provide energy and materials for growth, maintenance and product formation. In immobilised (non-growing) systems the energy and materials are only required for cell maintenance and product formation

Preface The BIOTOL series of texts are designed to provide a self-study resource concerning the principles, practices and applications of biotechnology. This text is designed to explain how biotechnology may be applied to solve problems encountered in the production and use of organic chemicals in a wide

8. 1 Introduction 8.2 Essential and nonessential amino acid Stereochemistry of amino acids 8. 4 Amino acid fermentation 8.5 Recovery of the amino acid from the fermentation broth

7.1 Introduction 7. 2 Origin and composition 7.3 Exopolysaccharide structure 7. 4 Medium composition for exopolysaccharide production