Persons freedom to communicate, and their ability to do so effectively, has long been recognized as a crucial component of a society that respects human dignity and provides the conditions for humans to flourish. Government actions that suppress persons'speech and other forms of communication have been rightly subject to scrutiny and challenge Governments have also recognized the importance of affirmative steps to enhance persons opportunities for communications, such steps include improving education and supporting public forums. Communication is not only a personal and political good
1.了解化学变化过程中的热效应、恒容反应热和恒压反应热的概念与测定;会写热化学方程式; 2.初步了解焓的概念,知道焓变是化学反应自发过程的一种驱动力; 3.会进行有关热化学的一般计算; 4.初步了解熵、熵变和绝对熵的概念,知道熵变是化学反应的自发过程的另一种驱动力; 5.初步了解热力学第一、第二、第三定律的概念; 6.初步了解吉布斯自由能及吉布斯-亥姆霍兹方程,初步学会用其判据化学反应的自发性; 7.掌握化学平衡状态及标准平衡常数概念,会进行简单的化学平衡移动判断及有关计算。 3.1 热化学和焓 Thermochemistry and enthalpy 3.2 熵和熵变—反应自发性的另一种判据 Entropy and entropy change — judgment for spontaneous reaction 3.3 自由能——反应自发性的最终判据 Free energy-the determined criterion for the spontaneous process 3.4 平衡状态和标准平衡常数Equilibrium and standard equilibrium constant