对策论也称博弈论，是研究具有竞争或斗争性质的现象，并为参加者各方提供对策方法的数学理论，它是运筹学的一个分支。对策自古有之，只是在科学技术高度发展的现代社会，更进一步引起越来越多人的重视和研究

一、 案犯的困境 [例]案犯的困境。 在市场竞争中，有许多情况与案犯的困境是完全类似的，其中十分典型的是价格竞争的策略选择。 [例]假设一个市场中仅有A、B两家企业，每家企业可采取的定价策略都是10元或15元，我们可用下面的得益矩阵来说明每种策略组合的结果

Eco514 Game Theory Signaling Games Marciano Siniscalchi January 10, 2000 Introduction Signaling games are used to model the following situation: Player 1, the Sender, receives some private information and sends a message m E M to Player 2, the Receiver. The latter, in turn, observes m but not 0, and

Eco514 Game Theory Problem Set 1: Due Friday, September 30 oTE: On the“ethics”of problem sets Some of the theoretical exercise I will assign are actually well-known results; in other cases, you may be able to find the answer in the literature. This is certainly the case for the current problem set. My position on this issue is that, basically, if you look up the answer somewhere, it's your problem. After all, you can buy answer keys to most textbooks... The fact is, you will not

对策论 本章来介绍对策论(game theory) 对策是有厉害冲突的各方所分别采取的决策对策论,亦称为博弈论,研究具有对抗、竞争、冲突性质的问题 对策论的思想古已有之,如我国战国时期的“齐王与田忌赛马”最早利用数学方法来研究对策论的是数学家E. Zermelo,他于1912年发表了论文《关于集合论在象棋对策中的应用》.1944年

1. Game Theory Multiperson Decision Theory Zero-Sum games Marciano siniscalchi September 16, 1999 administrative stuff Class: Tue-Thu 10: 40-12: 1021, Room 317, Bendheim. OH, by appointment The big picture Most of you will already have used some of the tools of GT in your core courses You will probably be familiar with the

Introduction The notion of subgame perfection is the cornerstone of the theory of extensive games. It embodies its key intuitions-and provides a vivid example of the difficulties inherent in such a theor But, above all, it has proved to be extremely profitable in a variety of applications. More- over, it has spawned a huge theoretical literature which has attempted(often successfully

The vast majority of games of interest in economics, finance, political economy etc. involve some form of payoff uncertainty. A simple but interesting example is provided by auctions: an object is offered for sale, and individuals are required to submit their bids in sealed envelopes. The object is then allocated to the highest bidder at a price which depends on every bid, according to some prespecified rule (e.g. \first-price\ or \second-price\rule). In

第一章 导论 第二章 需求、供给与均衡价格决定 第三章 消费者行为理论 第四章 厂商行为 第五章 完全竞争条件下的局部均衡分析 第六章 完全垄断条件下的局部均衡分析 第七章 不完全竞争条件下的局部均衡分析 第八章 要素价格决定与收入分配 第九章 一般均衡理论与福利经济学 第十章 博弈论 Game Theory

Introduction This lecture focuses on the interpretation of solution concepts for normal-form games. You will recall that, when we introduced Nash equilibrium and Rationalizability, we mentioned numerous reasons why these solution concepts could be regarded as yielding plausible restric- tions on rational play, or perhaps providing a consistency check for our predictions about