(三)、羧酸衍生物之含酸性H化合物的a-碳负离子亲核取代反应

三 Structures and Chemical Properties(结构与化学性质) 键长的平均化;

Isomers Have the same molecular formula. but different structures Constitutional Isomers Stereoisomers Differ in the order of Atoms are connected attachment of atoms in the same order, but (connectivity); Section 1-9 differ in spatial orientation

Topics Covered Stocks and the Stock Market Book Values. Liquidation Values and Market values Valuing Common Stocks Simplifying the Dividend Discount Model Growth Stocks and Income Stocks Irwvin McGraw-Hill

Topics Covered Bond Characteristics reading the financial pages Bond Prices and Yields Bond prices and interest rates YTM VS. current yield Rate of Return Interest Rate Risk The Yield Curve Nominal and Real Rates of Interest

Topics Covered SCalls and puts sWhat Determines Option values SPotting the Option Irwin McGraw-Hill CThe McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2001

When there are no taxes and capital markets function well, it makes no difference whether the firm borrows or individual shareholders borrow. Therefore, the market value of a company does not depend on its capital structure

Venture Capital The Initial Public Offering The Underwriters General Cash Offers The Private Placement

Common Stock Preferred Stock Corporate Debt Convertible Securities Patterns of Corporate Financing Irwvin/McGraw-Hill

SInvestment Decision vs. Financing Decision OMarket Efficiency →Weak form efficiency →Semi -strong- form efficiency >Strong form efficiency OLessons of Market Efficiency Irwvin/McGraw-Hill