File-System Structure FS Implementation Directory Implementation Allocation Methods (分配方法) Free-Space Management Efficiency (空间) and Performance (时间) Recovery Log Structured File Systems

File Concept Access Methods (访问方式) Directory Structure (目录结构) File System Mounting (文件系统挂载) File sharing (文件共享) Protection

background Contiguous Memory Allocation (连续内存分配) Swapping Paging (分页) Structure of the Page Table Segmentation (分段) Segmentation with paging (段页式)

1 Background 2 The Critical-Section Problem (临界区问题) 3 Peterson’s Solution 4 Synchronization Hardware TestAndSet Instruction Swap Instruction 5 Semaphores 6 Classical Problems of Synchronization 7 Monitors 8 Synchronization Examples

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