1、羧酸的命名、羧酸的化学性质 2、羧酸衍生物的结构和命名、羧酸衍生物的化学性质

To determine reaction''s mechanism, look at: Equilibrium constant Free energy change Enthalpy Entropy Bond dissociation energy Kinetics >Activation energy

Wave Properties of Electrons Standing wave vibrates in fixed location. Wave function, w, mathematical description of size, shape, orientation Amplitude may be positive or negative Node: amplitude is zero

Functional Group Pi bond is the functional group. · More reactive than sigma bond. · Bond dissociation energies:

Types of Alcohol Reactions HH H Dehydration to alkene ·xidation to aldehyde, ketone Substitution to form alkyl halide Reduction to alkane ·Esterification ·Tosylation Williamson synthesis of ether

Definitions Conjugated double bonds are separated by one single bond. Example: 1, 3-pentadiene. Isolated double bonds are separated by two or more single bonds. 1, 4-pentadiene. Cumulated double bonds are on adjacent carbons. Example: 1, 2-pentadiene

Discovery of Benzene Isolated in 1825 by Michael Faraday who determined C: H ratio to be 1: 1. Synthesized in 1834 by Eilhard Mitscherlich who determined molecular formula to be C6H6

Introduction Formula R-O-R where R is alkyl or aryl. Symmetrical or unsymmetrical Examples:

一、解释题 1化合物(1)和(2)进行Sx1水解时其反应速率如所示,请解释

Introduction NMR is the most powerful tool available for organic structure determination. It is used to study a wide variety of nuclei: