一、填空题(将你认为最恰当的词句填在空格上,使句意完整通顺) 1.副交感神经兴奋可使胃肠运动 、胆囊 、括约肌舒张,消 化腺分泌 2胃运动的形式有 和饥饿收缩

1. Studying the Nervous Systems of Humans and Other Animals 1 UNIT I NEURAL SIGNALING 2. Electrical Signals of Nerve Cells 31 3. Voltage-Dependent Membrane Permeability 47 4. Channels and Transporters 69 5. Synaptic Transmission 93 6. Neurotransmitters, Receptors, and Their Effects 129 7. Molecular Signaling within Neurons 165 UNIT II SENSATION AND SENSORY PROCESSING 8. The Somatic Sensory System 189 9. Pain 209 10. Vision: The Eye 229 11. Central Visual Pathways 259 12. The Auditory System 283 13. The Vestibular System 315 14. The Chemical Senses 337 UNIT III MOVEMENT AND ITS CENTRAL CONTROL 15. Lower Motor Neuron Circuits and Motor Control 371 16. Upper Motor Neuron Control of the Brainstem and Spinal Cord 393 17. Modulation of Movement by the Basal Ganglia 417 18. Modulation of Movement by the Cerebellum 435 19. Eye Movements and Sensory Motor Integration 453 20. The Visceral Motor System 469 UNIT IV THE CHANGING BRAIN 21. Early Brain Development 501

第一节　能量代谢 一、能量代谢测定的原理和方法 （一）直接测热法 （二）间接测热法 二、影响能量代谢的因素 （一）肌肉活动 （三）食物的特殊动力作用 （四）环境温度 三、基础代谢 第二节　体温及其调节 一、体温 （一）表层体温和深部体温 （二）体温的正常变动 二、体热平衡 （一）产热过程 （二）散热过程 三、体温调节 （一）温度感受器 （二）体温调节中枢

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Human Body CHAPTER 2 Cellular Chemistry CHAPTER 3 Cell Structure and Function CHAPTER 4 Tissues CHAPTER 5 Integumentary System CHAPTER 6 Skeletal System CHAPTER 7 Muscle Tissue and Mode of Contraction CHAPTER 8 Muscular System CHAPTER 9 Nervous Tissue CHAPTER 10 Central Nervous System CHAPTER 11 Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous Systems CHAPTER 12 Sensory Organs CHAPTER 13 Endocrine System CHAPTER 14 Cardiovascular System: Blood CHAPTER 15 Cardiovascular System:The Heart CHAPTER 16 Cardiovascular System:Vessels and Blood Circulation CHAPTER 17 Lymphatic System and Body Immunity CHAPTER 18 Respiratory System CHAPTER 19 Digestive System CHAPTER 20 Metabolism, Nutrition, and Temperature Regulation CHAPTER 21 Urinary System CHAPTER 22 Water and Electrolyte Balance CHAPTER 23 Reproductive System Index

一、填空题(将你认为最恰当的词句填在空格上,使句意完整通顺) 1不同个体基础代谢率的比较是以 条件下每单位 的能量代谢来表 示的。 2.直接测热法是测量机体一定时间内(摄取/发散)的热量,是较(难/易) 完成的

1. General Physiological Processes 2. Muscle 3. Blood 4. Autonomic Nervous System 5. Respiration 6. Cardiovascular Physiology 7. Body Fluids and Electrolytes 8. Gastrointestinal System 9. Endocrine System 10. Fuel Metabolism and Nutrition 11. Reproduction and Sexual Function 12. Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Lactation 13. Mineral Metabolism, Bone, and Connective Tissue

1 Fundamentals and Cell Physiology 2 Nerve and Muscle, Physical Work 3 Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) 4 Blood 5 Respiration 6 Acid–Base Homeostasis 7 Kidneys, Salt, and Water Balance 8 Cardiovascular System 9 Thermal Balance and Thermoregulation 10 Nutrition and Digestion 11 Hormones and Reproduction 12 Central Nervous System and Senses 13 Appendix Further Reading Index

第一节 病因和发病经过 第二节 各系统器官的功能代谢变化 第三节 发病机制

第一节 急性肾功能不全（acute renal insufficiency，ARI） 第二节 慢性肾功能不全（chronic renal insufficiency，CRI） 第三节 尿毒症（uremia）

第一节 分类及病因 第二节 肝功能不全临床综合症的发生机制 第三节 肝性脑病 第四节 肝性功能性肾衰竭