Fluid mixing is essential in fermentation processes. Usually the most critical steps in which mixers are used are in the aerobic fermentation process. However, mixers are also used in many auxiliary places in the fermentation process and there are places also for agitation in anaerobic fermentation steps

第一节 胚胎移植技术 第二节 体外受精 第三节 克隆技术 第四节 转基因技术 第五节 性别控制技术 第六节 动物胚胎干细胞的分离培养技术 第七节 哺乳动物嵌合体的生产

第一章 家畜的生殖器官 （ Reproductive Organs of Domestic Animals） 第二章 生殖激素 （ Reproductive Hormone） 第三章 雄性动物生殖生理 (The Physiology of Male Reproduction) 第四章 雌性动物发情周期 （Ｅstrus Ｃycle） 第五章 受精、妊娠和分娩 （Fertilization，Gestation and Parturition） 第六章 人工授精 （Artificial Insemination） 第七章 家畜的繁殖力 （Fertility of Domestic Animals） 第八章 配子与胚胎生物工程 （ Gametal and Embryonic Bioengineering Technology）

A common problem for a biochemical engineer is to be handed a microorganism and be told he has six months to design a plant to produce the new fermentation product. Although this seems to be a formidable task, with the proper approach this task can be reduced to a manageable level. There are many ways to approach the problem of optimization and design of a fermentation process

Specific nutritional requirements of microorganisms used in industrial fermentation processes are as complex and varied as the microorganisms in question. Not only are the types of microorganisms diverse (bacteria, molds and yeast, normally), but the species and strains become very specific as to their requirements

When designing a fermenter, one primary consideration is the removal of heat. There is a practical limit to the square feet of cooling surface that can be achieved from a tank jacket and the amount of coils that can be placed inside the tank. The three sources of heat to be removed are from the cooling of media after batch sterilization, from the exothermic fermentation process

2.1 The Microbiological Laboratories Isolation of organisms for new products normally does not occur in laboratories associated with production cultures, however, production (mi￾crobiological) laboratories frequently do mutation and isolation work to produce strains with higher yields, to suppress a by-product, to reduce the formation of a surfactant, to change the physical properties of the broth to facilitate the product recovery

3.0 BIOREACTORS FOR PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURES fly Shinsaku Takayama) 3.1 Background of the Technique-Historical Overview HaberlandtL'] first reported plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures in 1902. He separated plant tissues and attempted to grow them in a simple nutrient medium. He was able to maintain these cells in a culture medium for

Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook microorganisms, mammalian cells, plant cells, and tissue. It is our sincere hope that the reader will find this chapter helpful in determining the best conditions for cultivation and the collection of scale-up data. Hopehlly, this knowledge will, in turn, facilitate the transformation of worthwhle research

摘要比较了5种固定弗劳地柠檬酸杆菌X05菌体的方法,其中明胶海藻酸钠包埋法为固定菌体的最佳方法。 扫描电子显微镜观察表明,XP05菌体较均匀地分布于包埋基质中。固定化XP05菌体吸附+受吸附时间、固定化菌体浓度、溶液的pH值和P起始浓度的影响。吸附作用是一个快速的过程;吸附A4+的最适pH值为1.5;在50 ~250mgp范围内,吸附量与起始浓度成线性关系,吸附过程符合 Langmuir和 Freundlich吸附等温模型