管理是什么? Management is the act of managing a business or money, a skill in dealing with a person;The management refers to the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people; Management plans, organizes,leads, controls resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently. 管理是设计一种环境,使人在此环境里 高效地完成既定目标的过程

Controlling is the process whereby mana- gers monitor and regulate how efficiently and effectively an organization and its members are performing the activities nece- ssary to achieve organizational goals. 控制标准:实物,成本,资本,收益, 无形

近代化学的发展趋势和特点 (1)从宏观到微观 (2)从体相到表相 (3)从定性到定量 (4)从单一学科到交叉学科 (5)从研究平衡态到研究非平衡态

§2.1 热力学基本概念 §2.2 热力学第一定律 §2.9 化学计量数、反应进度和标准摩尔反应焓 §2.3 恒容热、恒压热、焓 §2.4 热容，恒容变温过程、恒压变温过程 §2.5 焦尔实验，理想气体的热力学能、焓 §2.6 气体可逆膨胀压缩过程，理气绝热可逆过程 §2.7 相变化过程 §2.10 标准摩尔反应焓的计算 §2.11 节流膨胀与焦尔-汤姆逊效应

2.1 Preface to the thermodynamics 2.2 The thermodynamic first law 2.3 Quasi-static process and reversible process 2.4 Enthalpy 2.5 Heat capacity 2.6 The first law in ideal gases 2.7 Thermochemistry 2.8 The Hess’s law 2.9 Heat in some processes 2.10 The temperature dependence of the reaction enthalpy —— Kirchhoff’s law 2.11 An adiabatic reaction ——non-isothermal reaction

Monetary Theory is the theory which is about the economic influences of money

7.1.1 reasons of the production of central bank to unite the currency clearing the lender of last resort financial supervision

Interest rate is the price of the money. .Interest rates are the most pervasive element in the financial market. Interest works both ways. .You earn interest when you save and you pay interest when you borrow

Textbook: Principles of Money, Banking and Financial Markets- 10thed( Lawrence. Ritter, William. Silber, Gregory F. Udell, Jointly Published by Pearson Education North Asia Limited and China Higher Education Press

8.1 通货膨胀 8.2 通货紧缩