1. Components: ---testis: produce the male germ cells- gametes(sperm) produce androgen-testosterone ---gernital ducts: store and conduct the sperm epididymis ductus deferens ejaculatory duct

1. Components ---nose ---pharynx ---larynx ---trachea ---bronchi ---lung

---Digestive system: Digestive tract Digestive gland

1. General description: ---Components: nerve cell: neuron Glial cell: neuroglial ---Function: Neurons : receive the stimulation, conduct the nerve impulse Glial cell: support, protect and insulate, nourish neurons

1. General description (1) components: ---cell: muscle fiber-myofiber elongated thread-liked Sarcolemma Sarcoplasm sarcoplasmic reticulum: SER

---Closed tubular system ---Blood circulatory or cardiovascular S ---Lymph vascular S

1. Cartilage: organ=Cartilage tissue+perichondrium

1. General features: （1) small number of cells and large amount of extracellular ground substance （2) extracellular is composed of fibers and amorphous ground substance-matrix （3) all of them originate from mesenchyme￾embryonal CT （4) have functions of connection, supporting, protecting, nutrition, defence and repairing

淋巴造血系统 造血器官： 骨髓、淋巴结、胸腺肝、脾（胚胎时期）髓外造血：疾病、骨髓代偿不足时，肝、脾及淋巴结恢复造血功能（从干细胞开始）

一、比较解剖学证据 二、胚胎学证据 三、细胞遗传学证据 四、生物地理学证据 五、生化与分子生物学证据