4.8.1 Definitions and Basic Concepts 4.8.2 Encoding of LDPC Codes 4.8.3 Decoding of LDPC codes 4.8.4 Density Evolution (Analysis of LDPC Codes on Symmetric Binary Input Channels) 4.8.6 Design and Construction of LDPC codes - Overview 4.8.8 Accumulator-Based LDPC Codes 4.8.9 Nonbinary LDPC codes 4.8.10 Performance Analysis of ML-Decoded LDPC Codes 4.8.11 More on Encoding 4.8.12 Applications of LDPC Codes