Acid-Catalyzed hydration of Alkenes Oxymercuration-Demeruration Hydroboration-Oxidation

11.15A Ethers by Intermolecular Dehydration of Alcohols

Alcohols are compounds whose molecules have a hydroxyl group attached to a saturated carbon atom

Many other pairs of reagents that form cabocations (orcarbocationlike species) may be used as well

If a chiral atom attached to the carbonyl group, the stereoselectivity of nucleophilic addition follows the Cram’s rule

17.7 Lithium Enolates 17.8 α-Selenation: A Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds 17.9 Additions to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones

Substitution reactions occur when two reactants exchange parts to give two new products. In a substitution, one replaces another

Infrared Spectroscopy: An Instrumental Method for detecting Functional Groups

21.11 Aryl Halide and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 21.12 Spectroscopic Analysis of Phenols and Aryl Halides

The aldols formed in aldol additions can be easily dehydrated to yield conjugated enals (enones)