Positional and Polynomial Representations • Unsigned Binary Number System • Unsigned Binary-Coded Decimal, Hexadecimal, and Octal Systems • Conversion between Number Systems • Signed Binary Numbers • Floating-Point Number Systems 86.2 Computer Arithmetic Number Representation • Algorithms for Basic Arithmetic

85.1 Digital IC Testing Taxonomy of Testing • Fault Models • Test Pattern Generation • Output Response Analysis 85.2 Design for Test The Testability Problem • Design for Testability • Future for Design

84.1 Introduction 84.2 The Analog and Digital Signal Interface 84.3 Analog Signal Conditioning 84.4 Sample-and-Hold and A/D Techniques in Data Acquisition

83.1 Light-Emitting Diodes Semiconductor Device Principles • Semiconductor Materials • Device Efficiency • Interfacing 83.2 Liquid-Crystal Displays Principle of Operation • Interfacing 83.3 The Cathode Ray Tube

containing the components of a computer central processor, complete with instruction processing unit, arithmetic, interrupt , and basic communication facilities. Such devices have been around since the early 1970s and have greatly benefitted from the continuing

devices the techniques were tailored to gate networks of the type described above. The term gate was already in use in the forties to denote the logical elements discussed earlier. There are very many good references on Boolean algebra and we may quote only a selected few of them. Suffice it to mention the texts by Hill and Peterson [1974], Kohavi [1978], and Hohn [1966]. These books give

100.1 Models Classes of Systems to Be Modeled • Two Major Approaches to Modeling • Forms of the Model • Nonuniqueness • Approximation of Continuous Systems by Discrete Models 100.2 Dynamic Response

99.1 Introduction 99.2 History 99.3 The Internet Today

98.1 Introduction 98.2 Definitions of Failure, Fault, and Error 98.3 Failure Rate and Reliability 98.4 Relationship Between Reliability and Failure Rate 98.5 Mean Time to Failure 98.6 Mean Time to Repair 98.7 Mean Time Between Failures

97.1 Computer and Communications Security Physical Security Cryptology Software Security Hardware Security Network Security Personnel Security 97.2 Fundamentals of Cryptography Central Paradigms Pseudorandomness Zero-Knowledge