Below is an electron micrograph of a single gene being transcribed. The DNA strand runs horizontally with RNa transcripts extending vertically outward Image removed due to copyright reasons a)Draw an arrow indicating the direction that the RNA polymerases are

Handout 1: Bode plot rules reminder Eric Feron Feb4,2004 General: Bode plot is to plot magnitudes using logarithm scale, phases using log scales. Indeed:

Handout 5: Control System Design Principles Eric Feron Feb20,2004 The standard feedback loop Draw the feedback loop here Tracking requirements:

Handout 3: Gain and Phase Margins for unstable systems Eric Feron Feb9,2004 Gain and Phase Margins exist for all systems, including the unstable ones Examplel

美国麻省理工大学：《航空系统的估计与控制》教学资源（讲义）extra

Handout 8: Lead compensation Eric Feron March 3, 2004 Lead Compensation goals: Raise phase (and gain) at high frequen- cies while not touching low-frequency system's characteristics: Can extend bandwidth of system Canonical lead element:

Handout 10: Notch compensation Eric Feron March 8, 2004 Notch Compensation goals: Kill nasty frequencies (eg resonant fre- quencies). Canonical Notch element:

Handout 13: More about plants with right half-plane zeros Eric Feron March 15, 2004 Right half-plane zeros and sensor/actuator design Influence of sensor position on system dynamics: Star Market

Handout 18: Dual-input describing functions Eric Feron April 5,2004 Dual-input describing functions are for mixed signals(sinusoid small constant signal) Approximating non-constant signals with constant ones

Handout 19: More about Dual-input describing functions- Limit cycle stability analysis Eric Feron April 16, 2004 Dual-input describing functions for Toggle switch Another servo-motor application