Diseases of the Blood in Children Anemias Nutritional anemias (Iron deficiency iron) Hereditary spherocytosis Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency Thalassemia Bleeding disorders(Hemorrhagic diseases) ITP Hemophilia

Hematologic Disorders of Children 一、小儿血液系统疾病 Diseases of erythrocytic system: 二、红细胞系统疾病: Hematopoietic substances deficiency; 三、造血原料缺乏; Nutritional iron deficiency anemia 四、营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia

1. Causes Hypoxia Perinatal asphyxia, apnea, respiratory failure, right to left shunt Ischemia Heart arrest, Heart failure, Shock

Vitamin D roles Facilitate intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus Promote renal reabsorption of phosphorus Direct effect on bone deposition and reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus Maintain calcium and phosphorus homeostasis

Definition PEM is a kind of malnutrition caused by inadequate dietary intake or some diseases, occurs commonly in children under 3 years of age. Kwashiorkor Marasmus

Overview Definition of Accidental Trauma: Accident, Unexpected, Injuries Physically and/or Psychologically Causes: physical, chemical, and biological factors Main cause of mutilation and death in children globally

概念 意外伤害(Unintentional Injury):突然发生的事件对人体 所造成的肉体和精神上的伤害,原因包括物理、化 学和生物等各种因素,是儿童致伤、致残、致死的 主要原因之一 1985年美国国家儿童卫生与人类发展研究所(NICHD) 学术会议对意外伤害的定义和分类进行标准化 国际疾病分类(ICD-10)将其列为单独一类疾病

Definition Bacteremia: Bacteria invade into blood temporarily with flora <100 CFU/ml in blood XSepticemia or Sepsis: Pathogens (bacteria or fungi) invade into blood, proliferate greatly, and release endotoxin XToxemia:

概貌 Outline 是一种小血管炎 A kind of vasculitis of small vessels 以皮肤紫癜、关节痛、积液、腹痛、便血、血 尿和蛋白尿为主要临床特征 Characterized clinically by purpura, arthralgia ,articular effusion, abdominal pain, hemafecia

一、小儿最常见先心病,占先心病20~25% 二、定义:室间隔的发育不良或发育障碍 三、室间隔缺损分类: