General Considerations Disorders of hemostasis defects in platelet number or function problems in fibrin clot (coagulation) Bleeding due to platelet disorders is typically mucosal or dermatologic include epistaxis, gum bleeding, menorrhagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, purpura, and petechiae

1.熟悉肺癌的主要病因与分类。 2.掌握肺癌的临床表现、分期与早期诊断。 3.掌握肺癌的主要治疗原则

(一)掌握出血性疾病的分类、出血特点、实验室检查及诊断 (二)熟悉正常的止血和凝血机制。 (三)了解治疗原则

DEFINITION · An acute inflammatory process of the pan- creas usually associated with sever pain in the upper abdomen in most instances, blood levels of pancrea- tic enzymes are increased sever acute pancreatitis: organs failure and/or local complications(necrosis, absc- ess, psuedocyst)

1891．红细胞平均生存时间约为（易，记忆） A．100 天 B．110 天 C．120 天 D．90 天 E．130 天

2781.口服毒物中毒后，最常用的吸附剂是：( 易, 记忆) A． 氢氧化铝 B． 牛奶 C． 鸡蛋清 D． 活性炭 E． 吐根糖浆

1071．The proportion of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in the general populaton is： A．1％～8％ （易、记忆） B．7％～15％ C．14％～22％ D．21％～29％ E．28％～36％

451．Cardiac contractility is influcenced by（ ）：（记忆，难） Ａ preload Ｂ afterload Ｃ heart rate Ｄ cardiac rhythm Ｅ all above is correct

Summarization Definition: serum total bilirubin(STB)> 34umol/L. causing a yellow color of skin. sclera and tissue fluid Latent icterus: an increase of stb but not more than 34umol/L, without color changes of skin and sclera

Diagnosis of cardiac and respiratory arrest Traditional methods : 1. Carotid pulse check by lay rescuers 2. Loss of consciousness 3. Pupil dilation 4. Respiratory arrest