化学反应步骤: 基元反应一由反应物一步生成产物的反 应,没有可由宏观实验方法探测到的中间 产物。 复合反应——由两个以上的基元反应组合 而成的反应。组合的方式或先后次序称为 反应机理

相变化过程是物质从一个相转移到另 个相的过程,相平衡状态是它的极限 相平衡研究是化工生产过程选择分离方 法,设计分离装置以及实现最佳操作的理论 依据

n this chapter First: to find relations between properties that might not be thought to be related to derive expressions for the variation of the g with Tand p Second: to introduce the chemical potential, a property that will be at the center of discussions in the remaining chapters of this part of the text; to derive expression of fugacity

The First Law: the machinery In this chapter we begin to unfold some of the power of thermodynamics by showing how to establish relations between different properties of a system. The procedure we use is based on the experimental fact that the internal energy and the enthalpy are state functions. and we derive a number of relations between observables by exploring the mathematical consequences of these facts

华东理工大学：物理化学（中英文） Physical chemistry Peter atkins (Sixth edition)

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