▪ Overview of The SQL Query Language ▪ SQL Data Definition ▪ Basic Query Structure of SQL Queries ▪ Additional Basic Operations ▪ Set Operations ▪ Null Values ▪ Aggregate Functions ▪ Nested Subqueries ▪ Modification of the Database

▪ Structure of Relational Databases ▪ Database Schema ▪ Keys ▪ Schema Diagrams ▪ Relational Query Languages ▪ The Relational Algebra

SQL in a Programming Environment embedded SQL persistent stored modules Database-Connection Libraries Call-level interface (CLI) JDBC PHP

Overview of The SQL Query Language Data Definition Basic Query Structure Additional Basic Operations Set Operations Null Values Aggregate Functions Nested Subqueries Modification of the Database

Entity/Relationship Models (E/R diagram) Unified Modeling Language (UML) Object Definition Language (ODL) Hot to Transfer them to a relational model

《数据库系统概念 Database System Concepts》原书教学资源（第六版，附录，英文版）Advanced Relational Database Design

Centralized and Client-Server Systems Server System Architectures Parallel Systems Distributed Systems Network Types

1．数据 数据(Data)实际上是描述事物的符号记录。 2．数据库 数据库（Database）是数据的集合，以统一的结构形式存放于统一的存储介质内，可被各个应用程序所共享。 3．数据库管理系统 数据库管理系统(Database Management System，简称DBMS)是负责数据库中的数据组织、数据操纵、数据维护、控制及保护和数据服务等功能的一种系统软件

Data Definition Basic Query Structure Set Operations Aggregate Functions Null Values Nested Subqueries Complex Queries Views Modification of the Database Joined Relations**

Structure of Relational Databases Fundamental Relational-Algebra-Operations Additional Relational-Algebra-Operations Extended Relational-Algebra-Operations Null Values Modification of the Database