4.1 Introduction 4.2 Conventional protein sources 4.3 Single cell protein 4.4 Substrates for SCP production 4.5 Micro-organisms for SCP production

第一节 蛋白质的分子组成 The Molecular Component of Protein 第二节 蛋白质的分子结构 The Molecular Structure of Protein 第三节 蛋白质结构与功能的关系 第四节 蛋白质的理化性质 The Physical and Chemical Characters

Equilibria and free energies Estimate binding site occupancy Forces driving protein-DNA interactions Lambda repressor Methods to study protein-DNA interactions

5.1. 概述 Introduction 5.2 食品中蛋白质来源 The source of protein in food 5.3.蛋白质分子构象 The Conformation of Proteins 5.4.蛋白质的变性 Protein Denaturation 5.5. 蛋白质功能性质 Functional Properties of Proteins 5. 蛋白质的界面性质 Interfacial properties of proteins 5.7 在食品加工中蛋白质的物理、化学和营养变化 Processing-induced physical chemical and nutritional changes in proteins 5.8.蛋白质的测定 Measurement of protein 5.9 新蛋白质资源

8.1 Introduction 8.2 Chaperones may be required for protein folding 8.3 Post-translational membrane insertion depends on leader sequences 8.4 A hierarchy of sequences determines location within organelles 8.5 Signal sequences initiate translocation 8.6 How do proteins enter and leave membranes? 8.7 Anchor signals are needed for membrane residence 8.8 Bacteria use both co-translational and post-translational translocation 8.9 Pores are used for nuclear ingress and egress 8.10 Protein degradation by proteasomes

4.7.I Occurrence and microheterogeneity B-Lactoglobulin is a major protein in bovine milk, representing about 50% of total whey protein and 12% of the total protein of milk. It was among the first proteins to be crystallized, and since crystallizability was long considered to be a good criterion of homogeneity, B-Ig, which is a typical

1. Hemoglobin is a multisubunit allosteric rotein that carries 02 in erythrocyte. 1.1 Hemoglobin is a well-studied and well-understood protein. 1.1.1 It was one of the first proteins to have its molecular mass accurately determined. 1.1.2 The first protein to be characterized by ultracentrifuge. 1.1.3 The first protein to be associated with a specific physiological function

4.1 Introduction 4.2 Conventional protein sources 4.3 Single cell protein 4.4 Substrates for SCP production 4.5 Micro-organisms for SCP production 4.6 SCP from carbon dioxide 4.7 SCP from carbohydrates 4.8 SCP from hydrocarbons and derivatives

一、蛋白质的定义 蛋白质(protein,简写pro):是由20种L-a-氨基 酸按一定的序列通过酰胺键(肽键)缩合而成的, 具较稳定构象并具一定生物功能的生物大分子。 Protein一词来自希腊文“Proteios”,意即“第 一位的”、“最重要的”。 18世纪 Beccari中叶首次报道应用稀酸、稀碱核 盐类可从动、植物组织中分离到含氮类物质。 1838年荷兰Mulder化学家将之应用于从动植物 细胞中所发现的复杂的有机含氮化合物。 蛋白质是一类含氮的生物高分子,分子量大,结 构复杂

Chapter 6 Cytoplasmic matrix, Endomembrane system, Protein Sorting and membrane trafficking Learning objective 1. Compartmentalization in Eukaryotic Cells; 2. The structural and functional relationship among the ER, Golgi complexes, lysosomes and plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells; 3. The pathways of proteins targeting and sorting, and its mechanisms; 4. The ways of protein modifications and intracellular sites after they are synthesized; 5. Types of vesicle transport and their functions