一、膜泡是如何形成的？ 二、膜泡定向运输的机制？ 三、 蛋白质是如何被分拣的？ 四、膜不对称性是从哪里开始的？

细胞分化是基因选择性表达的结果 组织特异性基因(奢侈基因)与管家基因 Tissue-specific genes (luxury genes), House-keepinggenes

一、实验目的 1. 了解凝胶层析的原理及其应用。 2. 通过测定蛋白质分子量的训练，初步掌握凝胶层析技术

十、常用蛋白质分子量标准参照物

一、性别表现型的决定 二、生殖细胞(Germ Cells)的发育 三、受精

一、组织、器官、个体的生长 二、蜕皮(molting)和变形(metamorphosis) 三、个体衰老

1. Rodney F. Boyer, Modern Experimental Biochemistry, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 2000. 2. Keith Wilson and John M. Walker, Principles and techniques of practical biochemistry, Fourth edition, Cambridge University Press, 1994

Wonder of the Genetic Engineering Expression of luciferase gene in a plant

Eukarva: Eukaryotic Microorganisms Algae: Phototrophic eukaryotic microorganisms Fungi: Nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic microorganisms that contain rigid cell walls Slime molds: nonphototrophic eukaryotic microorganisms that lack cell walls and that aggregate to form fruiting structures (cellular slime molds) or masses of protoplasm (acellular slime

Ribosomal RNAs as Evolutionary Chronometers Reasons: Ancient molecules Functionally constant Universally distributed Moderately well conserved in sequence across broad phylogenetic distances