The plasma membrane has a dual responsibility as a selective ely permeable barrier and transductor. The plasma membrane regulares the traffic of molecules into and out of the cell. Gases and small hydrophobic molecules by passive diffusion transport; Ions, sugars, amino acids, and sometimes water must be transported by a group of integral membrane proteins including
当木原(95)首次通过核置换回交,将普通小麦awm核基因导入尾状山 草( A e caudata}細胞质产生小麦雄性不育来这一发现为利用小麦杂种优势带来了希望, 但由于尾状山羊草细胞质除能诱导雄性不育外,也带来许多有害的副作用,使其难用于 实际生产。当啊s和R9%2报道培育成功提型小麦雄性不育系后,杂种小麦的研 究与利用才广泛开展起来