Category of sample Blood, Urine, Stool, nasal washing, nasal swab, throat swab, saliva, sputum, rectal swab, vesicle fluid scraping or swab) tissue, brain biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid, et

Medical Virology Dept. of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Shanghai Second Medical University Shanghai, China. E.mail:(xkguoshsmu.edu.cn)

Spirochetes Gram negative Long, thin, helical, motile axial filaments locomotion between peptidoglycan layer/outer membrane runs parallel

Biological Features Structure and chemical composition Developmental cycle Staining properties Antigens Growth and metabolism Characteristics of host-parasite- relationship Classification

Campylobacter Among the most widespread cause of infection in the world Cause both diarrheal and systemic diseases Campylobacter jejuni

brucella The genus Brucella consists of six species four of which cause human brucellosis Afj 鲁菌病: Brucella melitensis羊布鲁菌, Brucella suis猪布鲁菌, Brucella abortus 牛布鲁菌, and brucella canis犬布鲁菌 Are all intracellular organisms .B neotomaeB ovis

General introduction Gram-negative, obligate intracellular coccobacilli bacteria that infect mammals and arthropods Rickettsiae are transmitted in the arthropods, which serves as both vector and reservior Both dna and rna Is sensitive to antibiotic

Biological Features Aerobic, Gram, noncapsulated, rods Gray-black colonies on tellurite亚碲酸盐 medium o Metachromatic granules Chinese-letter morphology in Gram stain

Actinomyces Israelii Anaeslundii a Gram positive sulfur granule; Related to decay tooth and peridentitis

Category Spore- forming: rod, Gram(+)--Clostridium Nonspore- forming: see next slides