1 Atomic Orbital Theory 1 2 Bonds Between Adjacent Atoms: Localized Bonding, Molecular Orbital Theory 25 3 Delocalized (Multicenter) Bonding 54 4 Symmetry Operations, Symmetry Elements, and Applications 83 5 Classes of Hydrocarbons 110 6 Functional Groups: Classes of Organic Compounds 139 7 Molecular Structure Isomers, Stereochemistry, and Conformational Analysis 221 8 Synthetic Polymers 291 9 Organometallic Chemistry 343 10 Separation Techniques and Physical Properties 387 11 Fossil Fuels and Their Chemical Utilization 419 12 Thermodynamics, Acids and Bases, and Kinetics 450 13 Reactive Intermediates (Ions, Radicals, Radical Ions, Electron-Deficient Species, Arynes) 505 14 Types of Organic Reaction Mechanisms 535 15 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 591 16 Vibrational and Rotational Spectroscopy: Infrared, Microwave, and Raman Spectra 657 17 Mass Spectrometry 703 18 Electronic Spectroscopy and Photochemistry 725

1. 答：分子式为 C5H10O 的醛和酮的结构式及普通命名法和 IUPAC 命名法的命名为： 2. 答：苯乙醛和苯乙酮与各种试剂反应后的产物分别为：

22.2 N,N-Dimethylcycloheptylamine may also be named as a dimethyl derivative of cycloheptanamine. -N(CH3)2 N,N-Dimethylcycloheptanamine 22.3 Three substituents are attached to the nitrogen atom; the amine is tertiary. In alphabetical order, the s substituents present on the aniline nucleus are ethyl, isopropyl, and methyl. Their positions are

第一节 羧酸的分类和命名 第二节 羧酸的物理性质 第三节 羧酸的光谱特征 第四节 羧酸的结构和酸性 第五节 羧酸的制备 第六节 羧酸的反应 第七节 卤代酸的合成和反应 第八节 羟基酸的合成和反应

SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS 8.1 Identify the nucleophilic anion in each reactant. The nucleophilic anion replaces bromine as a sub- stituent on carbon. (b) Potassium ethoxide serves as a source of the nucleophilic anion CH,CH,. CH,CH,: CH, Br: CH3CH2OCH3 + Br: Ethoxide ion Methyl bromide Ethyl methyl ether Bromide ion

4.1 There are four C. H, alkyl groups, and so there are four C. H, CI alkyl chlorides. Each may be named by both the functional class and substitutive methods. The functional class name uses the name of the alkyl group followed by the halide as a second word. The substitutive name modifies the name of the corresponding alkane to show the location of the halogen atom

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Section 1 Alkenes 烯烃的分类：单烯烃、二烯烃、多烯烃 Section 2 Alkynes 炔烃 二炔烃 单炔烃 多炔烃 Section 3 Dienes 二烯烃 聚集二烯烃 共轭二烯烃 隔离二烯烃 （不稳定） （有特殊性质） （类同烯烃）

1.1 The Structure of Functional Groups 1.2 Reagents and Reactions 1.3 Learning Organic Functional Group Chemistry 2.1 Alkanes 2.2 Alkyl Halides 2.3 Alcohols 2.4 Epoxides and Ethers 2.5 Organosulfur Compounds 2.6 Aliphatic Amines 3.1 Alkenes 3.2 Alkynes 3.3 Carbonyl Compounds 3.4 Carboxylic Acids and their Relatives 3.5 Enolate and Related Carbanion Chemistry 3.6 Nitriles, Imines and Nitro Compounds 4.1 Aromatic Substitution 4.2 Aromatic Functional Groups 4.3 Heteroaromatic Compounds