任何市场失灵都只是政治规则失灵的结果

机会只偏爱有准备的头脑

利率水平及其未来价值的预测是投资决策中最为重要的影响因素

相同行业的人很少聚会,他们的谈话结果,往往不是阴谋对付公众,便是筹划提高价格

本章目的:分析有垄断势力的厂商如何有效地利用市场势力进行定价,从而使企业的利润最大化

Structure Present and future values Intertemporal budget constraint Preferences for intertemporal consumption Intertemporal choice Comparative statics Valuing securities

Structure Money equivalent of utility gains totrade Consumer’s surplus Changes in consumer’s surplus Compensating and equivalentvariations Producer’s surplus

Structure Market equilibrium Quantity tax and equilibrium Tax incidence （税收分担） Deadweight loss （额外净损失）

Structure Describing technologies Production set or technology set Production function Isoquant Marginal product Returns to scale Technical rate of substitution Well-behaved technologies Long run and short run

Structure From Individual to Market DemandFunctions Elasticities Revenue and own-price elasticity ofdemand Marginal revenue and price elasticity