第一节固体废物概述 第二节固体废物样品的采集和制备 第三节有害特性的监测方法 第四节生活垃圾和卫生保健机构废弃物的监测 第五节有害物质的毒理学研究方法

1.介绍底质监测的意义、采样方法, 2.了解底质样品的制备与分解,污染物的测定方法原理和操作要点

（1)熟练掌握水体各项物理指标: （2)水温、色度、臭和味道、残渣、电 导率、浊度、透明度、矿化度、氧化还原 电位等的检验方法原理、适用情况和注意 事项

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are liquids or solids that contain organic carbon (carbon bonded to carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, or sulfur, but not carbonate carbon as in CaCO3 nor carbide carbon as in CaC2 or CO or CO2), which vaporize at significant rates. VOCs are probably the second-most widespread and diverse class of emissions after particulates

Important physical characteristics of MSW include specific weight, moisture content, particle size and size distribution, field capacity, and compacted waste porosity. The discussion is limited to an analysis of residential, commercial, and some industrial solid wastes. Note, however, that the fundamentals of analysis presented in this and the following chapter are applicable to all types of solid wastes

The safe and reliable long-term disposal of solid waste residues is an important component of integrated waste management. Solid waste residues are waste components that are not recycled, that remain after processing at a materials recovery facility, or that remain after the recovery of conversion products and/or energy. Historically, solid waste has been placed in the soil in the earth's surface or deposited in the oceans. Although ocean dumping of municipal solid waste was officially abandoned in the United States in 1933, it is now argued that many of the wastes now placed in landfills or on land could be used

The first three types of control devices we consider--gravity settlers, cyclone separators, and electrostatic precipitators--all function by driving the particles to a solid wall, where they adhere to each other to form agglomerates that can be removed from the collection device and disposed of. Although these devices look different from one another, they all use the same general idea and are described by the same general design equations

Solid wastes include all solid or semisolid materials that the possessor no longer considers of sufficient value to retain. The management of these waste materials is the fundamental concern of all the activities encompassed in solid waste management—whether the planning level is local, regional or subregional, or state and federal. For this reason, it is important to know as much about municipal solid waste (MSW) as possible. The purpose of this chapter is to identify the sources, types, and composition of solid wastes

2.1使用 AutoCAD的命令和系统变量 2.1.1使用命令 用户可以用下列方式启动命令: 菜单及屏幕菜单(工具→选项→显示→窗口元素→显示屏幕菜单) 各种工具栏 右键快捷菜单

一、掌握对象捕捉的操作 二、掌握选择对象的操作 三、熟悉利用特性对话框修改对象 四、掌握利用夹点编辑对象 五、了解 AutoCAD设计中心