Introduction: What Is an Igneous rock? Igneous rocks vary greatly. Some contain large mineral grains. Others contain grains so small they can barely be seen under a high power microscope. Igneous rocks also vary greatly in color. All igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma
Introduction: Weathering The Breakdown of Rock At the Earth's surface, rocks are exposed to the effects of weathering: the chemical alteration and mechanical breakdown of rock, when exposed to air, moisture, and organic matter. Weathering is an integral part of the rock cycle. Weathering converts rock to regolith
在第一章中我们已介绍了内积空间的公理系统并给出过内积空间 的例子.内积空间是一种特殊的线性赋范空间,因此对于一般赋范空 间成立的那些结论对于内积空间也是适用的.但由于内积空间具有 “内积”这种结构,使得它有着比一般赋范空间更为特殊的性质.本章 将叙述这些特殊性质:正交基的存在性、正交投影以及空间上线性泛 函和算子的特殊表现形式. Hil ber t空间的理论已广泛地应用于许多 学科和学科分支中去