一、森林培育学的概念和范畴 二、森林培育学的发展历史 三、造林的基础理论和技术体系 四、森林培育与林业可持续发展

一、森林资源的保护 (一)森林资源 森林资源:是林地及其所生长的森林有机体的总称,它能更新,属可再生的自然资源*森林覆盖率:是指一个国家或地区森林面积占土地总面积的百分率

一、世界人口增长的状况 1999年全球人口突破60亿 2004年全球人口又有新变化 全球人口增长情况:

(一)天然水资源 1.地球上水的总量——14亿KM3地球上水的分配比(%)

一、25种能源 太阳能、风能、水能、生物质能、地热 能、海洋温差、海洋波力能、海洋动力 能、煤炭、石油、天然气、油页岩、原 子核能 ·煤气、电力、蒸汽、液化气、汽油、重 油、柴油、沼气、电池、煤油、焦炭、 氢气

Globalization defined 1. The manifestations of globalization include the spatial reorganization of production, the interpenetration of industries across borders, the spread of financial markets, the diffusion of identical consumer goods to distant countries, massive transfers of population within the South as well as from the South and the East to the West, resultant conflicts between immigrant and established communities in formerly tight-knit neighborhoods, and an emerging worldwide

一、实行计划生育是我国的一项基本国策。计划生育是我国可持续发展的关键之一。 二、基本内容:科学地控制人口数量,提高人口素质。 三、具体包括:晚婚、晚育、节育、提高人口素质。坚持以避孕为主的节育措施

Population, environment and development For example World population has more than doubled in only 43 years, from 2.5 billion in 1950 to 5.5 billion in 1993. Unless death rates rise sharply, it may reach 11 billion by 2045, and 14 billion by 2100 Resources, economic development, and resource scarcity All countries seek economic growth: increasing their capacity to provide goods and services for final

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300071) Abstract: This paper summed up the Course and the achievement of Chinese promoting Cleaner Production. It emphasized the creativity of mechanism of Chinas CP development in future, include to bring CP into its Social-Economical Development Program, to encourage local governments to promote CP, to encourage departments to support CP, etc Key Words: Cleaner Production, pollution control, sustainable development, creativity of mechanism

With a population of 12.5 billion and relatively low economic, scientific and technical Industries did not adhere to a standard of environmental performance and environmental agencies lacked sufficient funds and authority to enforce environmental regulations Cities are the engines of economic growth. Unfortunately, cities in China are facing serious