材料科学基础学习纲要 第一章晶体材料的结构 名词概念 晶体与非晶体晶格与晶胞晶向指数与晶面指数体心立方面心立方密排六方 内容要求 1.晶胞中晶向指数与晶面指数表示方法,立方晶系和六方晶系中指数与图形对应关系。 2.金属中常见三种典型晶型的原子位置、单胞中原子数、致密度、配位数、密排面与密排方向

材料科学与工程学院（系）辅修学位（专业）教学计划：材料成型及控制专业（凝固成形方向）

材料科学导论 材料化学理论基础 固相反应及材料烧结理论基础 固体材料性能学 材料结构的表征 材料制备化学 金属与合金材料 陶瓷材料 聚合物材料 复合材料

第一部分填空题(10个空共10分,每空一分) 1.材料科学与工程有四个基本要素,它们分别是:使用性能、材料的性质、和 2.材料性质的表述包括、物理性质和化学性质

1.2 Atomic bonding Bonding forces and energies FF net force attractive force repulsive force

2.5 Indices of crystal planes and directions I What's crystal planes anddirect ions? The atomic planes anddirections passing through the crystal arecalled(crystal) planes and directionsrespectively

4. Rule for elongation or reduction of R D All R.D. in the region where K1 and K2 makes an obtuse(acute) angle will increase (reduce) its length after twinning

2.7 Some Important Crystallographic Formulas 1. Zone and zone equation All Planes parellel to common axis [uvw] constitute a (crystal) zone, the [u v w] zone. If (h k l) belongs to zone [u v w], then hukv+=0 2.ifhuk+hw=0,then[uvw] lies in(hk) 3. For cubic crystals, [h (h k)

1. Sing le crystal ver sus po l crystal 1. For single crystals there is only one type of structure with same orientation Single crystals is characterized by anisotropy 2. Polycrystal consists of a lot of grain, small single crystals, With same structure but different orientations. These small single crystals are called grains. The boundaries between them are called grain boundaries

Paulings three rules governing the structure of ionic compounds 1. Anion Coordination polyhedron rule Each cation is surrounded by an anion polyhedron, the distance between anion and cation is r=rt tr, while the cn depends on rt/r