安慰剂效应是一个广泛存在并对身心健康具有重要意义的话题。 安慰剂效应的作用和原理的许多问题有待阐明。 安慰剂效应广泛地在存在实际生活中。 目前主要集中在与临床药理学相关的课题上。 与安慰剂效应密切关联的信念过程甚至可能是人类的宗教和信仰的心理基础。 主要内容： 什么是安慰剂及安慰剂效应 安慰剂在医疗中的应用 安慰剂在其他行业的应用 为什么会产生安慰剂效应 什么是反安慰剂效应

10.1 What is transfer of learning? consider the two students: Henry is bilingual:He speaks both English and Spanish fluently.He begins a French course in high school and immediately recognizes many similarities between French and Spanish. “Aha,”he thinks, “my knowledge of Spanish will help me learn French”. Ted’s mathematics class has been working with decimals for several weeks. His teacher asked, “which number is larger, 4.4 or 4.14?” Ted recalls something that he knows about whole numbers: Number with three digits are larger than numbers with only two digits. “The larger number is 4.14”, he concludes

7.1 concept learning 7.1.1 concept A concept is a category under which specific elements may be grouped.e.g. a red ball, a red pencil, and a red chair are all instances of the simple concept “red”. An “even number” is defined as any integer（整数） that is divisible by two without a remainder, and that an “odd number” is one that is not evenly(均匀地） divisible by two

让学生理解关于人的学说、社会的学说，如何处理个人与社会的关系，正确 认识集体主义与个人自由发展的关系，怎样坚持集体主义的时代价值，做坚定的爱国者

4.1 Thorndike’s Connectionism 4.1.1 Edward Lee Thorndike:1874-1949, American educational psychologist. 1891-1895,studied English literature in Wesleyan University. 1895-1897,studied psychology in Harvard Unviversity.(James) 1897-1898, studied in Columbia University, and got his PH.D.(Kattel) 1912, became Chairman of APA

3.1 What is learning? Are they instances of learning? (1) A young child takes his first steps. (2) An adolescent male feels a strong attraction to certain females. (3) A child feels anxious when he sees the doctor coming with a needle. (4) Long after learning how to multiply, a girl realizes on her own that another way to multiply by 5 is to divided by 2 and multiply by 10(e.g. 428×5 can by figured as follows:428/2=214 ×10=2140)

通过本章学习，让学生懂得公民道德的渊源，了解公民道德建设的指导思想、方针原则、主要内 容和基本道德规范，并自觉培养网络道德，做文明“网民

让学生掌握诚信的基本内涵，理解市场经济既是契约经济，又是法治经济， 二者均与诚信密切相关，要明白成熟的市场经济依赖普遍信任关系的建立，大学生应成为实 践诚信的榜样，讲诚信要从日常生活小事做起

帮助青年学生树立正确的人生观，及早规划好自己的人生计划，作一个 对社会、对他人有意义的人，并通过深入探讨价值问题，激励学生择取正确的价值取向。 教学要求：教师讲解、学生讨论相结合。 教学重点、难点：人的本质、人生价值的基本特征、人生价值的创造与实现

基本内容，明确学习思想道德 课的意义，端正学习态度，掌握正确的方法，增强学习的自觉性和积极性；培养学生高尚的 思想情操和良好的道德品质，树立体现中华民族特色和时代精神的社会主义价值标准和道德 规范，树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观，提高为建设有中国特色社会主义而奋斗的自觉 性