一、What is data Model and decisions什么是数据、模型与决策? 二、The Nature of management science管理科学的本质

一、什么是 Eviews Eviews (Econometric Views)软件是 QMS（Quantitative Micro Software）公司开发的、基于 Windows 平台下的应用软件，其前身是 DOS 操作系统下的 TSP 软件。Eviews 软件是由经济 学家开发，主要应用在经济学领域，可用于回归分析与预测(regression and forecasting)、时 间序列(Time series)以及横截面数据(cross-sectional data )分析。与其他统计软件（如 EXCEL、 SAS、SPSS）相比，Eviews 功能优势是回归分析与预测，其功能框架见表 1.1

model: sets: tm/1..100/: x; endsets data: b=1.2; x0=0.2; enddata

ping与其它主机的连接 PInging 10.. 25 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out

Use of any multiresidue method (MRM) is supported by available information about how potential residues behave through the steps of the method. To provide that support for PAM I MRMs, additional chemicals are continually tested through the method steps and the resulting data compiled in a single database. All PAM

A. Trichopoulou and A. Naska, University of Athens 2.1 Introduction Documenting and monitoring dietary patterns are priorities in nutritional epi￾demiology, in the planning of national food and nutrition policies and in the evaluation of nutrition education strategies. Early efforts in documenting dietary patterns were focused on identifying the specific nutrients that may be respon￾sible for effects on people’s health, but recently research has expanded towards studying patterns of food intake. Food data are often derived from:

一、信息、地理信息 1、信息和数据 信息（Information）是用文字、数字、符号、语言、图像等介质来表示事件、事物、现象 等的内容、数量或特征，从而向人们（或系统）提供关于现实世界新的事实和知识，作为生 产、建设、经营、管理、分析和决策的依据。信息具有客观性、适用性、可传输性和共享性 等特征。信息来源于数据（Data）

Determining wastewater flowrates and constituent mass loadings is a fundamental step in initiating the conceptual process design of wastewater treatment facilities. Reliable data for existing and projected flowrates affect the hydraulic characteristics, sizing, and operational considerations of the treatment system components

Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook microorganisms, mammalian cells, plant cells, and tissue. It is our sincere hope that the reader will find this chapter helpful in determining the best conditions for cultivation and the collection of scale-up data. Hopehlly, this knowledge will, in turn, facilitate the transformation of worthwhle research

Responsible for reliable transmission of packets over a link – Framing: Determine t he star t and end of packets (sec 2.5) – Error Detection: Determine w hen a packet contains errors (sec 2.3) – Error recovery: Retransmissio n of packets containing errors (sec 2..4)