1 Risks of data loss and corruption 2 Data consistency Checksums Block checksums 3 Data safety Redundancy Parity Erasure coding 4 Conclusion

Sorting: There is a series of data in random order, we sort them depending a certain key word Datalist: an finity set of data waiting to be sorted Key: data object has many attribute areas, namely there are many data element, one of all these elements can be used to distinguish object, we use it as sorting key. we also call it sorting code

l Chapter 2-Learning objectives Convert raw data into a data array Construct a frequency distribution a relative frequency distribution a cumulative relative frequency distribution Construct a stem-and-leaf diagram Visually represent data by using graphs and charts

一、什么是软件 1.软件是计算机系统中与硬件相互依存的另一部分,它是包括程序,数据及其相关文档的完整集合。 2.程序是按事先设计的功能和性能要求执行的指令序列(program 3.数据是使程序能正常操作信息的数据结构 (data structures一、什么是软件 1.软件是计算机系统中与硬件相互依存的另一部分,它是包括程序,数据及其相关文档的完整集合。 2.程序是按事先设计的功能和性能要求执行的指令序列(program 3.数据是使程序能正常操作信息的数据结构 (data structures) 4.文档是与程序开发,维护和使用有关的图文材料(documents一、什么是软件 1.软件是计算机系统中与硬件相互依存的另一部分,它是包括程序,数据及其相关文档的完整集合。 2.程序是按事先设计的功能和性能要求执行的指令序列(program一、什么是软件 1.软件是计算机系统中与硬件相互依存的另一部分,它是包括程序,数据及其相关文档的完整集合。 2.程序是按事先设计的功能和性能要求执行的指令序列(program) 3.数据是使程序能正常操作信息的数据结构 (data structures) 4.文档是与程序开发,维护和使用有关的图文材料(documents) 3.数据是使程序能正常操作信息的数据结构 (data structures) 4.文档是与程序开发,维护和使用有关的图文材料(documents 4.文档是与程序开发,维护和使用有关的图文材料(documents

Chapter 3 Objectives After you have read and studied this chapter, you should be able to Select proper types for numerical data. Write arithmetic expressions in Java. Evaluate arithmetic expressions using the precedence rules. Describe how the memory allocation works for objects and primitive data values. Write mathematical expressions using methods in the Math class

ISA-based data acquisition and control board accept up to 8 analog inputs, produce 2 analog outputs, accept up to 67 digital (switch) inputs address, data and select lines. In addition, a spare AND gate and two spare NOR gates are made available, along with a small breadboarding area

Ch. 2 Probability Theory 1 Descriptive Study of Data 1.1 Histograms and Their Numerical Characteristics By descriptive study of data we refer to the summarization and exposition(tab- ulation, grouping, graphical representation) of observed data as well as the derivation of numerical characteristics such as measures of location, dispersion and shape

1 The Role of Algorithms in Computing 2 Getting Started 3 Growth of Functions 4 Divide-and-Conquer 5 Probabilistic Analysis and Randomized Algorithms 6 Heapsort 7 Quicksort 8 Sorting in Linear Time 9 Medians and Order Statistics 10 Elementary Data Structures 11 Hash Tables 12 Binary Search Trees 13 Red-Black Trees 14 Augmenting Data Structures 15 Dynamic Programming 16 Greedy Algorithms 17 Amortized Analysis 18 B-Trees 19 Fibonacci Heaps 20 van Emde Boas Trees 21 Data Structures for Disjoint Sets 22 Elementary Graph Algorithms 23 Minimum Spanning Trees 24 Single-Source Shortest Paths 25 All-Pairs Shortest Paths 26 Maximum Flow 27 Multithreaded Algorithms 28 Matrix Operations 29 Linear Programming 30 Polynomials and the FFT 31 Number-Theoretic Algorithms 32 String Matching 33 Computational Geometry 34 NP-Completeness 35 Approximation Algorithms

 To develop tables and charts for categorical data  To develop tables and charts for numerical data  The principles of properly presenting graphs

Why statistics is important How statistics is used in business The sources of data used in business The types of data used in business The key terms The basics of Microsoft Excel