沥青路面是在柔性基层、半刚性基层上,铺筑一定厚度的沥青混合料作面层的路面结 构。沥青路面设计的任务是根据使用要求及气候、水文、土质等自然条件,密切结合当地实 践经验,设计确定经济合理的路面结构,使之能承受交通荷载和环境因素的作用,在预定的 使用期限满足各级公路相应的承载能力,耐久性、舒适性、安全性的要求。路面设计应包括 原材料的选择、混合料配合比设计和设计参数的测试与确定,路面结构层组合与厚度计算, 以及路面结构的方案比选等内容

第一条为了规范收入的确认、计量和相关信息的披露,根据ㄍ企 业会计准则——基本准则》,制定本准则。 第二条收入,是指企业在日常活动中形成的、会导致所有者权 益增加的、与所有者投入资本无关的经济利益的总流入。 本准则所涉及的收入,包括销售商品收入、提供劳务收入和让渡 资产使用权收入

The Case for Floating Exchange rates The Case Against Floating Exchange Rates Macroeconomic Interdependence Under a Floating rate What Has been Learned Since 1973? Are Fixed Exchange Rates Even and Option for mostCountries?

第一节 对外开放是我国一项长期的基本国策 第二节 我国对外开放的历史进程和基本格局 第三节 进一步提高我国对外开放的水平

第一节、坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度 第二节、坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度

Chapter Organization How the European Single Currency Evolved The Euro and Economic Policy in the Euro Zone The Theory of Optimum Currency Areas The Future of EMU Summary

Macroeconomic Policy Goals in an Open Economy International Macroeconomic Policy Under the Gold Standard, 1870-1914 The Interwar Years, 1918-1939 The Bretton Woods System and the International Monetary Fund

Chapter Organization =Introduction The Law of One Price Purchasing Power Parity A Long-Run Exchange Rate Model Based on PPP Empirical Evidence on PPP and the Law of One Price Explaining the Problems with PPP

Chapter Organization Introduction Exchange Rates and International Transactions The Foreign Exchange Market The Demand for Foreign Currency Assets Equilibrium in the Foreign Exchange Market Interest Rates, Expectations, and Equilibrium Summary

Chapter Organization Introduction Sophisticated Arguments for Activist Trade Policy Globalization and Low-Wage Labor Summary