1、掌握:病毒的结构,化学组成与作用。 2、熟悉:病毒增殖的方式;病毒复制的五个阶段;病毒对理化因素的抵抗力。 3、了解:病毒的大小与形态;病毒生物合成的基本步骤丶病毒复制的异常现象

呼吸道病毒概念: 能侵犯呼吸道并引起呼吸道，感染的病毒称为呼吸道病毒

共同特点: 有包膜的球形病毒,80-120nm, 基因组为单股RNA二聚体,核心有逆 转录酶,复制通过DNA中间体,能与 宿主细胞DNA整合

1.2 Atomic bonding Bonding forces and energies FF net force attractive force repulsive force

2.5 Indices of crystal planes and directions I What's crystal planes anddirect ions? The atomic planes anddirections passing through the crystal arecalled(crystal) planes and directionsrespectively

4. Rule for elongation or reduction of R D All R.D. in the region where K1 and K2 makes an obtuse(acute) angle will increase (reduce) its length after twinning

2.7 Some Important Crystallographic Formulas 1. Zone and zone equation All Planes parellel to common axis [uvw] constitute a (crystal) zone, the [u v w] zone. If (h k l) belongs to zone [u v w], then hukv+=0 2.ifhuk+hw=0,then[uvw] lies in(hk) 3. For cubic crystals, [h (h k)

1. Sing le crystal ver sus po l crystal 1. For single crystals there is only one type of structure with same orientation Single crystals is characterized by anisotropy 2. Polycrystal consists of a lot of grain, small single crystals, With same structure but different orientations. These small single crystals are called grains. The boundaries between them are called grain boundaries

Paulings three rules governing the structure of ionic compounds 1. Anion Coordination polyhedron rule Each cation is surrounded by an anion polyhedron, the distance between anion and cation is r=rt tr, while the cn depends on rt/r

1. Deformation process of polycrystalline materials Deformation process of industrial material consists of three stages Elastic. which is reversible