Chapter 2 Primary Sedimentary Structures Main types of bedding Determination of younger direction of beds from primary structures Types of stratigraphic break Angular unconformity Soft sedimentary structures

Review of Faults and Fractures (Read the summary of faulting in the copy papers after class)

1.褶皱等倾斜线图的编制 1.1褶皱等倾斜线图的编制

Review Primary sedimentary structures Faults (thrust system, extensional fault system, strike-slip fault system) · Joints(tension joints, conjugate joints,en echelon joints) Folding (bending, buckling, flexural slip, flexural flow, passive folding, kinking)

hangingwall ramp A- Ramps and flats hangingwall B-Hangingwall ramp and footwall footwall ramp footwall ramp B C-? thrust sequence New thrusts develop in the footwall

hinge lines axis A axial plane axial surface B (imaginary) Axis axial plane and axial surface

OBSERVATION OF TECTONIC SAMPLES Observe tectonic samples in the STRUCTURAL SCOPE. Discuss what you observed with your group members. Select one representative of the group to exchange ideas with other groups in the class

(A)General triaxial stress ellipsoid in perspective view. (B)Views normal to each of the principal planes of the ellipsoid. (After W.D. Means,1976)

Strain Displacement Strain Strain field Strain determination in rocks

TECTONICS OF CHINA (TIAN SHAN LABORATORY)