In order to determine the interactions between copper atoms and rubber molecules, this article used X-ray diffraction to analyse the cure specimen of size materials mixed with copper powder for the first time, found the atomic nucleus distances between copper and atoms in rubber molecules were equal to 0.23169nm and 0.3043nm. 0.3043nm reflected the atomic distance between Cu and S under the action of Van der Waals force. 0.23169nm stated that there was chemical interaction between Cu atoms and rubber molecules

Introduction This lesson will address questions related to different levels of government: How should various responsibilities be allocated to different levels of government? Is decentralized government decision making desirable? Are locally raised taxes a good way to pay for services provided locally?

It is described that the effectual way to construct phase diagrams is the combination of computer calculation with some critical measurements. Examples of application to the CuO-RE2O3 （RE. La, Y, Nd）, Na2B2O4, K2B2O4 and PrCl3-CaCl2-MgCl2 systems are given

Political Economy Defined Political Economy is the application of economic principles to the analysis of political decision making. -elf- -interestin- the marketplace, this often leads to efficiency; different implications in \political market. Maximization-one goal may be to maximize social welfare

Under appropriate cooling condition, intcrfacial phase appeared between α and β phases in Ti-5Al-2M0-3Zr alloy. Its thickness could reach 100 nm. The interfacial phase was either single layer structure or double layer structure. The monolithic layer adjacent to 3 phase was indentified as fee structure with relationship （110）β// （001）m, [11$\\mathop 1\\limits^{{\\rm{ - - }}} $]β /[110]m. The striated layer adjacent to a phase was indentified as hep with twin relationship {10$\\bar 1$1}<1$\\bar 0$12> to α. Thus, the study provided a new experimental fact for the controversial topic on structure of striated layer. Chemical composition of interfacial phase varied slightly with heat treatments, but always between that of α and β phases

1. Get students to master the following words and phrases consist, contain, distribute, inform, intend, publish, range, lend typical, weekly, a number of, as well as, be devoted to, consist of, enter into, keep up with, listen to

The role of Mg in alloy/718 has been systematically investigated. Mg raises not only high temperature tensile and stress-rupture ductilities but also increases considerably smooth and notch stress-rupture life. Mg containing alloy 718M is free of stress-rupture notch sensitivity. Mg improves creep and fatigue interaction properties （LCF or cyclic stress rupture） at any grain size. The basic role of Mg is equilibrium segregation at grain boundaries which helps to change continuous grain beundary (5-Ni3Nb morphology to discrete globular form which has a retardation effect on intergranular fracture. Mg promotes the change from intergranular to transgranular fracture mode

A pendulum is a rigid body suspended from a fixed point (hinge) which is offset with respect to the body's center of mass. If all the mass is assumed to be concentrated at a point, we obtain the idealized simple pendulum. Pendulums have played an important role in the history of dynamics. Galileo identified the pendulum as the first example of synchronous motion, which led to the first successful clock developed

In the previous lecture, we related the motion experienced by two observers in relative translational motion with respect to each other. In this lecture we will extend this relation to our third type of observer.That is, observers who accelerate and rotate with respect to each other. As a matter of illustration, let us consider a very simple situation, in which a particle at rest with respect

Gene mutation and evolution Gradual accumulation of mutations over long periods of time results in new biological species, each with a unique DNA sequence. Mutations and stabilization of mutations to new species. Charles Darwin: Unifying evolution theory-the origin of species from a common ancestor