Objective 1.Mastering clinical manifestation ,diagnosis and management of heart failure 2.Grasping causes,pathophysiology of heart failure 3. Understanding classification and investigation of heart failure

Concept: systemic blood pressure increased, target organ damaged (brain, heart, eye, kidney, vessel), metabolism changed 线· Essential hypertension(ET: un known cause, 95%, hypertensive disease. Secondary hypertension(ST): known cause, 1 5%

1.风湿性疾病 英: rheumatic diseases 日:宀了千性疾患 2.弥漫性结缔组织病 yi: diffuse connective tissue diseases dCtD 日:广泛性结合组织病

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both

DEFINITIONS AND INCIDENCE Acute renal failure (ARF) is a syndrome characterized by rapid decline in glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and retention of nitrogenous waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine

病因(Etiologe) Primery Glomerular Diseases (60%) Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis *Tubulointerstitial Diseases chronic pyelonephritis chronic interstitialnephritis Polycystic Kidney Disease SLE

先天性心脏病(CHD)是小儿最常见的心脏病。是胎儿时期心脏血管发育异常 而致的畸形,其发病率约占活产婴儿的 0.7~0.8%。由于严重和复杂的心血管畸 形,患儿多在生后数周至数月死亡,因 此复杂先天性心脏病在年长比婴儿期少见

一、红斑狼疮 二、回皮肌炎 三、硬皮病 四、混合性结缔组织病 五、重叠综合征 六、回干燥综合征

生命救护 一、哪些病人需要紧急救护和生命支持? 二、如何判断?

Introduction GHD is a disorder involves the pituitary gland Pituitary gland does not produce enough gh Growth velocity is slower than normal GHD can occur at any age