第一节 流动阻力和水头损失的分类 第二节 粘性流体运动的两种流态 第三节 均匀流的沿程水头损失 第四节 圆管中的层流运动 第五节 紊流运动 第六节 紊流的沿程水头损失 第七节 局部水头损失

3.1 Introduction 3.2 Typical test signals for time response of control systems 3.3 First –Order Systems 3.4 Performance of a Second-Order System 3.5 Concept of Stability 3.6 The Relative Stability of Feedback Control Systems

1 Introduction 2 Deterministic Dynamic Programming and Viscosity Solutions 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Value Functions are Viscosity Solutions 2.3 Comparison and Uniqueness 3 Stochastic Control 3.1 Some Probability Theory 3.2 Controlled State Space Models 3.3 Filtering 3.4 Dynamic Programming - Case I : Complete State Information 3.5 Dynamic Programming - Case II : Partial State Information 3.6 Two Continuous Time Problems 4 Robust Control 4.1 Introduction and Background 4.2 The Standard Problem of H∞ Control 4.3 The Solution for Linear Systems 4.4 Risk-Sensitive Stochastic Control and Robustness 5 Optimal Feedback Control of Quantum Systems 5.1 Preliminaries 5.2 The Feedback Control Problem 5.3 Conditional Dynamics 5.4 Optimal Control 5.5 Appendix: Formulas for the Two-State System with Feedback Example 6 Optimal Risk-Sensitive Feedback Control of Quantum Systems 6.1 System Model

Frequency response is the analysis of the response of systemswhen subjected to a sinusoidal change in input. When a linear system is subjected to a sinusoidal input, its ultimate response is also a sustained sinusoidal wave, with the same frequency. The figure below compares the output response of a system (solid line) with a sinusoidal input (dashed line) disturbing the system

System compensation is the process of designing a controller that will produce an acceptable transient response while maintaining a desired steady-state accuracy .These two design objectives are conflicting in most systems ,since small errors imply high gains reduce system stability and may even drive the system unstable .Compensation may be thought of as the process of increasing the stability of a system without reducing its accuracy below minimum acceptable standards

例1.1设R是实数域。考虑最简单而又最基 本的线性函数 y=f(x)=ax, 其定义域和值域都是实数域R,即对R中每一 个实数x,线性函数f使其对应一个函数值ax, 并且具有如下性质:

1.在R中引进内积运算,建立n维欧氏空间概念; 2.讨论欧氏空间的正交基的概念及求法; 3.讨论三维欧氏空间R3中向量积,直线及平面方程等内容 4.建立一般内积空间的概念

可逆矩阵 一、逆矩阵的概念与性质 1.定义5.1设A是一个n阶方阵,若存在n阶方阵B 使 AB=BA=E 则称B为A的逆矩阵,并称A可逆

2.1天然水中杂质的种类与性质 2.1.1天然水体中的杂质 天然水中存在的杂质主要来源于所接触的大气、土壤等自然环境,同时人类活动产生的各种污染物也会进入天然水体。 (1)按水中杂质的尺寸,可以分为溶解物、胶体颗粒和悬浮物3种。 (2)从化学结构上可以将水中杂质分为无机物、有机物、生物等几类

§3 用配方法化二次型为标准型 §4 二次型化为标准形式的其它方法 §5 正定二次型