The basis for ship equilibrium Consider a ship floating upright on the surface of motionless water. In order to be at rest or in equilibrium, there must be no unbalanced forces or moments acting on it. There are two forces that maintain this equilibrium (1) the force of gravity, and (2) the force of buoyancy

1.1 Definition The general arrangement of a ship can be defined as the assignment of spaces for all the required functions and equipment, properly coordinated for location and access. Four consecutive steps characterize general arrangement; namely, allocation of main spaces, setting

Break-bulk cargo ships The inboard space in break bulk cargo ships is divided longitudinally by transverse bulkheads spaced 40-70 ft apart, into a series of cargo compartments of approximately equal volume

Those who have attained some familiarity with computer operation and application have subsequently learned hat they must continually keep abreast of developments or rapidly fall behind, not only in regard to programming skills but most naval architects have properly decided

Oceanographic submersibles are small research vessels for underwater transport of people and equipment and for use as underwater platforms for observation, sampling, measurement, and performing various work tasks. They are also referred to as undersea vehicles

The underwater search has been made possible only by vast improvements in offshore technology. Drillers first took to the sea with land rigs mounted on barges towed to location and anchored or with fixed platforms accomp

A naval architect asked to design a ship may receive his instructions in a form ranging from such simple requ ents as \an oil tanker to carry 100 000 tons deadweight at 15 knot nots\to a fully detailed specification of precisely planned requirements. He is usually required to prepare design for a vessel that must carry certain

Marine engine is an engine that propels a water-born vessel. Even in small craft the marine engine must have the following characteristics: reliability, light weight, compactness fuel economy, low maintenance, long life, relative simplicity for operating personnel, ability to reverse, and ability to operate steadily at low or cruising speed. The relative importance of these

Launching Apart from certain small craft built on inland waterways, which are launched sideways, the great majority of ships are launched stern first from the building berth. Standing structurc called ways, constructed of concrete and wooden blocks, spaced about one-third of the vessel's

Planning Delivery of a completed ship by a specified date requires careful planning. Following the introduction of the critical path method of planning and control by the U. S. E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company' about 1959, new techniques were adopted in many shipyards