一、数据类型 二、常量与变量 三、不同类型数据间的转换 四、运算符和表达式

一、熟记C语言的基本概念 二、熟悉visual c++ 6.0的上机操作环境 三、会读、会编、会调试C程序

一、种类： 二、结合方向：自左向右 三、优先级别：

一、使程序简洁、紧凑、高效 二、有效地表示复杂的数据结构 三、动态分配内存 四、得到多于一个的函数返回值

2.1基于计算机的系统与计算机系统

基于计算机的系统 系统工程 系统分析 可行性分析

一、基于计算机的系统 二、系统工程 三、系统分析 四、可行性分析

Too complex for complete analysis Separation into non-interacting subsystems distorts the results The most important properties are emergent Too organized for statistics Too much underlying structure that distorts the statistics Organized Complexity\(Weinberg) Copyright Nancy Leveson, Sept 1999

Evolutionary Model Prototyping- \Do it twice to assess feasibility to verify requirements May only be a front end or executable specification Or develop system with less functionality or quality attributes °3 approaches:

Abstract Model Specifications Build an abstract model of required software behavior using mathematically defined(perhaps using axioms )types(e. g sets, relations) Define operations by showing effects of that operation on the model Specification includes Model