一、教学目的（掌握、熟悉、了解的具体内容） 掌握原发性肾小球疾病、糖尿病肾病和狼疮性肾炎的临床和病理类型、临床表现、诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗原则；熟悉上述疾病的病因、发病机制和病理表现；了解上述疾病的治疗方案和治疗注意事项

1891．红细胞平均生存时间约为（易，记忆） A．100 天 B．110 天 C．120 天 D．90 天 E．130 天

2781.口服毒物中毒后，最常用的吸附剂是：( 易, 记忆) A． 氢氧化铝 B． 牛奶 C． 鸡蛋清 D． 活性炭 E． 吐根糖浆

1071．The proportion of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in the general populaton is： A．1％～8％ （易、记忆） B．7％～15％ C．14％～22％ D．21％～29％ E．28％～36％

451．Cardiac contractility is influcenced by（ ）：（记忆，难） Ａ preload Ｂ afterload Ｃ heart rate Ｄ cardiac rhythm Ｅ all above is correct

Diagnosis of cardiac and respiratory arrest Traditional methods : 1. Carotid pulse check by lay rescuers 2. Loss of consciousness 3. Pupil dilation 4. Respiratory arrest

Contents Normal anatomy,physiology and metabolism of the kidney Clinical manifestation of renal disease Diagnosis and treatment

Water and Sodium Metabolism Control of water excretion Control of sodium excretion Hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Classification Prerenal ARF Intrinsic renal ARF Postrenal ARF

Anemia of increased destruction Normochromic, normochromic anemia Shortened RBC survival Reticulocytosis--Response to increased RBC destruction Increased indirect bilirubin Increased LDH