One complication associated with alkene hydration is the occurrence of arrangements

Acetylenic hydrogens can be deprotonated with relatively strong bases (sodium amide is typical)

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Alkenes are hydrocarbons whose molecules contain the carbon-carbon double bond. Alkynes are hydrocarbons whose molecules contain the carbon-carbon triple bond

Infrared Spectroscopy: An Instrumental Method for detecting Functional Groups

Substitution reactions occur when two reactants exchange parts to give two new products. In a substitution, one replaces another

21.11 Aryl Halide and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 21.12 Spectroscopic Analysis of Phenols and Aryl Halides

17.7 Lithium Enolates 17.8 α-Selenation: A Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds 17.9 Additions to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones

The aldols formed in aldol additions can be easily dehydrated to yield conjugated enals (enones)