3.1 基本概念 ( Basic Concept ) 3.2 复制起点与方向 （replication origin & direction ） 3.3 DNA的半保留复制 (Semi-Conservation Replication) 3.4 DNA复制机制 Mechanism of DNA replication 3.5 DNA的复制基因与酶类体系 Genes and Enzymology of DNA Replication 3.6 线状DNA的复制及避免5’-end shorten的模式 3.7 DNA复制调控 ColEI plasmid as example (Relaxed type15-20 copies) 3.8 DNA Methylation (m5C in Eukaryote)

23.1 Introduction 23.2 Group I introns undertake self-splicing by transesterification 23.3 Group I introns form a characteristic secondary structure 23.4 Ribozymes have various catalytic activities 23.5 Some introns code for proteins that sponsor mobility 23.6 The catalytic activity of RNAase P is due to RNA 23.7 Viroids have catalytic activity 23.8 RNA editing occurs at individual bases

22.1 Introduction 22.2 Nuclear splice junctions are short sequences 22.3 Splice junctions are read in pairs 22.4 Nuclear splicing proceeds through a lariat 22.5 snRNAs are required for splicing 22.6 U1 snRNP initiates splicing 22.7 The E complex can be formed in alternative ways 22.8 5 snRNPs form the spliceosome

21.1 Introduction 21.2 Response elements identify genes under common regulation 21.3 There are many types of DNA-binding domains 21.4 A zinc finger motif is a DNA-binding domain 21.5 Steroid receptors are transcription factors 21.6 Steroid receptors have zinc fingers 21.7 Binding to the response element is activated by ligand-binding 21.8 Steroid receptors recognize response elements by a combinatorial code

• 真核生物的基因组 • 真核生物基因表达调控的特点和种类 • 真核生物DNA水平上的基因表达调控 • 真核生物转录水平上的基因表达调控 • 真核基因转录后水平上的调控

20.1 Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined by mutations and footprinting 20.4 RNA polymerase I has a bipartite promoter 20.5 RNA polymerase III uses both downstream and upstream promoters 20.6 The startpoint for RNA polymerase II 20.7 TBP is a universal factor 20.8 TBP binds DNA in an unusual way

第一节 蛋白质合成体系 第二节 氨基酸的活化 第三节 肽链的生物合成过程 第四节 蛋白质翻译后修饰和靶向输送 第五节 蛋白质生物合成的干扰和抑制

● 基本概念 ● 转录起始： RNA聚合酶、启动子 ● 转录的基本过程 ● 转录后加工 ● 原核生物与真核生物mRNA的特征比较 ● RNA合成与DNA合成异同点

第一节 药物的杂质与限量 一、药物的杂质与纯度 二、杂质的来源与种类 三、杂质的种类 四、杂质的限量 第二节 杂质的检查方法 第三节 药物中一般杂质的检查 第四节 药物中一般杂质的检查

第一章 绪论 Chapter 1 Introduction 第二章 基因和染色体 Chapter 2 DNA and Chromosomes 第三章 生物信息的传递(上)——From DNA to RNA Chapter 3 Transcription — From DNA to RNA 第四章 生物信息的传递(下)——From mRNA to Protein Chapter 4 Translation: From RNA to Protein