一、了解固定化细胞技术的方法和意义; 二、了解酵母发酵产生啤酒的过程; 三、了解基本微生物实验操作技术; 四、学习酸奶制作方法; 五、了解纯种发酵和传统发酵在无菌操作方面的差别

lecular association similar to an enzyme-substrate interaction, with an important distinction: it does not lead to an irreversible chemical alteration in either the antibody or the antigen. The association between an anti Fluorescent Antibody Staining Reveals Intracellular body and an antigen involves various noncovalent interac- tions between the antigenic determinant, or epitope, of the ntigen and the variable-region(vH/Vi) domain of the an- a Strength of Antigen-Antibody Interactions tibody molecule, particularly the hypervariable regions

possesses a tightly linked cluster of genes. the ma jor products play roles in intercellular recognition and in dis on of vesicular Stomatitis Virus Peptide (top) Class I Molecule H-2K General Organization and Inheritance of the MHC MHC Molecules and Genes that Detailed Genomic Map of MHC Genes Cellular Distribution of MHC Molecules antigens of Regulation of MHC Expression implicated MHC and Immune Responsiveness natural killer

the B-cell rec and diffict Interaction of aB TCR with Class II MHC-Peptide Early Studies of the T-Cell Receptor complex cel aB and yo T-Cell Receptors: Structure and Roles ficity. Sec Organization and Rearrangement of TCR Genes gen alone by the major histo T-Cell Receptor Complex: TCR-CD3 erty precludes pur

分析化学课是化学类、生物类以及医学、地质、环境类等专业学生的主干基础课之 它的理论和方法不仅是分析化学专业的基础,也是其它一切与化学有关的专业的基础。定量 分析化学课在教给学生基本的分析化学原理和方法的同时,使学生建立起严格的“量”的概 念,培养学生从事理论研究和实际工作的能力以及严谨的科学作风

of the humoral branch of the immune system Research on complement began in the 1890s, when Jules bordet at the institut pasteur in paris showed that sheep antiserum to the bacterium vibrio cholerae caused lysis of the bacteria and that heating the antiserum destroyed its bacteriolytic activity. Surprisingly, the ability to lyse the bacteria was restored to the heated serum by adding fresh serum that contained no antibodies directed a The Functions of Complement

susceptible host, a series of coordinated events must rcumvent both innate and adaptive immunity. One of the first and most important features of host innate immunity is the barrier provided by the epithelial surfaces of the skin and the lining of the gut. The difficulty of penetrat- ing these epithelial barriers ensures that most pathogens never gain productive entry into the host. In addition to pro viding a physical barrier to infection, the epithelia also pro duce chemicals that are useful in

the early vaccination trials of Edward Jenner and oneering efforts, vac nce of diseases such ng cougl Vaccination with DN A Active and Passive Immunization Designing Vaccines for Active Immunization mWhole-Organism Vaccines Purified Macromolecules as Vaccines Recombinant-Vector Vaccines DNA Vaccines Multivalent Subunit Vaccines mmon usage. Experience has shown that not every vaccine

多细胞动物在动物演化上是一个侧支,腔肠动物才是真正后生动物的开始,这类动物 在进化过程中占有重要位置,所有其它后生动物都是经过这个阶段发展起来的。常见的腔 肠动物有水螅、水母、海葵、珊瑚等

又称多孔动物门。是最原始、最低等的后生动物。这类动物在演化上是一个侧支,因 此又名“侧生动物( Parazoa)”。约5000种,全系水生,大多数在海洋,少数在淡水,全部 固着生活,且多为群体