GPS定位的基本观测量是观测站(用户接 收天线)至GPS卫星(信号发射天线) 的距离(或称信号传播路径),它是通 过测定卫星信号在该路径上的传播时间 (时间延迟)或测定卫星载波信号相位 在该路径上的变化周数(相位延迟)来 导出的

1.误差的分类 GPS定位中，影响观测量精度的主要误差来源分为三类：

§5.1GPS定位的方法与观测量 1定位方法分类 按参考点的不同位置划分为: (1)绝对定位(单点定位):在地球协议坐标系中,确定观测站相对地球质心的位置

一、GPS的定义及历史 1.定义 全球定位系统GPS(Global Positioning System),是一种可以授时和测距的空间交会定 点的导航系统,可向全球用户提供连续、实时、 高精度的三维位置,三维速度和时间信息

第一节GPS网的技术设计 精度标准的设计,基准设计,网的图形设计(时段、同步观测、同步环、异步环、独立基线的概念,基本图形,布网形式)。 第二节外业准备 测区踏勘、收集资料、编写技术设计书、仪器选择与检验(单/双频、测码/测相、标称精度、台数)、拟定观测计划(时段长度与段数;时段选择;作业调度)

Styles of kinematic GPS Kinematic GPS techniques go by a number of names with features that are often receiver specific Kinematic GPS: Early term which implies that there is no loss of lock while the receiver is moving. In survey mode, if loss of ock occurs the antenna must be returned to a point of know ocation

GPS Groups/Gs There are many international and national groups involved in the deployment of GPS The international organization is the International GPs Service(IGs)

GPS Observables Today's class we start discussing the nature of GPS observables and the methods used to make range and phase measurements Start with idea of remotely measuring distances

This is a Geodetic Control Test Field located at L Radial Surveying( Cartwheel): Madison County, Central Ohio. lial Surveys: one receiver at a fixed 2 Madison County High Altitude Test Range site, and measuring lines from this fixed

1.1 Terminology Definitions 3. Point Positioning ys. Relative positioning The coordinates of a single point are determined when 1. Code Range vs, Carrier Phase Code measurements(meter level) Carrier phase measurements(millimeter range). Single point positioning