1、在番茄中,圆形(O)对长形(o)是显性,单一花序(S)对复状花序(s)是显性。 这两对基因是连锁的,现有一杂交

1. General 2. Forms of Birth Defects 3.The cause of birth defects 4. When a baby most vulnerable 5. How detected in advance 6. Spina Bifida 7. Congenital heart defects

一、前言 二、诱发基因突变的因素 三、基因突变的一般特性 四、基因突变的分子机制 五、DNA损伤的修复

1. General 2. Etiology 3. Symptoms and Signs 4. Diagnosis

1. Down syndrome 2. Trisomy 18 3. Patau syndrome 4. cri du cat syndrome 5. Klinefelter syndrome 6. Turner syndrome

1. Biochemical & Genetic abnormalities 2. The Symptoms of Mitochondrial Disease 3. LHON 4. MERRF 5. MELAS 6. Kearns-Sayre Syndrome 7.Mitochondrial Disease Treatment 8. The Prognosis 9. Future Goals

一、重组DNA技术 二、分子杂交技术 三、PCR技术及应用

1. molecular disease 2. inborn errors of metabolism

1. factors inducing chromosome aberration 2. chromosomal aberrations

1. chromatin 2.Chomosome 3. Sex chromosome and sex-determination 4. chromosomal polymorphism 5. An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature