12.1 Early Microbial Life on Earth 12.1.1 Conditions on Early Earth: hot and Anoxic 12.1.2 Evidence for Life on early Earth: Stromatolites 叠层石 12.2 Origin of Cellular life 12.3 Primitive Life: Early Metabolism 12.4 Eukaryotes and Organelles: Endosymbiosis 内共生
4.8 Energy Conservation 4.9 Glycolysis as an example of fermentation 糖酵解 4.10 Respiration and membrane associated electron carriers Aerobic respiration-oxygen as terminal electron acceptor有氧呼吸 Anaerobic respiration-other substances as acceptors无氧呼吸 4.11 ENERGY CONSERVATION FROM THE PROTON MOTIVE FORCE 4.12 Carbon Flow in Respiration: the citric acid cycle 三羧酸循环 4.13 Catabolic Alternatives分解代谢的多样性