5. Aggregating Consumers Consumer Heterogeneity and a Discrete good b. The Properties of Aggregate Demand The Existence of a representative Consumer d. Externalities e. The Social Multiplier

3. Comparative Statics a. Indirect Utility Functions b. Expenditure Functions and duality C. Expenditure Function and Price Indices d. Slutsky via Utility Functions e. Slutsky via Preferences

11. Competition and Monopoly, some preliminary discussions a. Monopoly Pricing b. Cournot and Bertrand Oligopoly C. Two Part Pricing d. Price Discrimination e. Regulation

Defining the Field-what do you think that economics is? (1) Subject Matter Based Definitions (2)UItra-pragmatic definitions( what economists do) (3)Methodology Based Definitions This much is certain a. Economics pretty much includes all topics related to human society

MD是疱疹病毒科（Herpesviridae）的MDV引起的鸡的一种高度接触性淋巴组织增生性肿瘤性疾病，其病理特征是病鸡的外周神经、性腺、虹膜、各种内脏器官、肌肉和皮肤的单核细胞浸润，产生淋巴细胞性肿瘤。 MD引起的经济损失十分惊人，被列为养鸡业三大疾病之首。 一、概述 二、病原 三、流行病学 四、临床症状 五、病理变化 六、诊断 七、防治措施

Blessed are the young, for they shall inherit the national debt Herbert hoover When a government spends more than it collects in taxes, it borrows from the private sector to finance the budget deficit. The accumulation of past borrowin is the government debt. Debate about the appropriate amount of government debt in the United States is as old as the country itself. Alexander Hamilton be- lieved thata national debt, if it is not excessive, will be to us a national blessing, whereas James Madison argued that \a public debt is a public curse \Indeed, the location of the nations capital was chosen as part of a deal in which the federal

There is ahvays a temporary tradeoff befween inflation and unemploy from inflation per se, but from unanticipated inflation, which generally means, from a rising rate of inflation Milton friedman Most economists analyze short-run fluctuations in aggregate income and the price level using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply. In the IS-LM modek hapters, we examined aggregate demand in some detail. The IS-LM model-together with its open-economy cousin the Mundell-Fleming model-shows how changes in monetary and fiscal policy and shocks to the money and goods markets shift the aggregate demand curve. In this chapter

Aggregate Demand ll Science is a parasite: the greater the patient population the better the ad ance in physiology and pathology; and out of pathology arises therapy The year 1932 was the trough of the great depression, and from its rotten soil was belatedly begot a new subject that today we call macroeconomics In Chapter 10 we assembled the pieces of the IS-LM model. We saw that the IS curve represents the equilibrium in the market for goods and services, that the LM curve represents the equilibrium in the market for real money balances, and that the IS and LM curves together

Economic growth‖ Is there some action a government of India could take that would lead the Indian economy to grow like Indonesia's or Egypt's? If so, what, exactly? If not, what is it about the \nature of India that makes it so? The conse- quences for human welfare involved in questions like these are simply stag- gering: Once one starts to think about them, it is hard to think about Robert E. Lucas, Jr

Unemployment A man willing to work, and unable to find work, is perhaps the saddest sight that fortune's inequality exhibits under the sun Thomas Carlyle Unemployment is the macroeconomic problem that affects people most directly and severely. For most people, the loss of a job means a reduced living standard