451．Cardiac contractility is influcenced by（ ）：（记忆，难） Ａ preload Ｂ afterload Ｃ heart rate Ｄ cardiac rhythm Ｅ all above is correct

1熟悉肺癌的主要病因与分类。 2掌握肺癌的临床表现、分期与早期诊断 3掌握肺癌的主要治疗原则

Diagnosis of cardiac and respiratory arrest Traditional methods : 1. Carotid pulse check by lay rescuers 2. Loss of consciousness 3. Pupil dilation 4. Respiratory arrest

What is rA? Y RA is a chronic polyarticular inf lammatory arthritis that involves not only small joints of the hands and feet but also systemic organs Y Pathologic change: chronic synovitis with pannus (IfL

Contents Normal anatomy,physiology and metabolism of the kidney Clinical manifestation of renal disease Diagnosis and treatment

Water and Sodium Metabolism Control of water excretion Control of sodium excretion Hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Classification Prerenal ARF Intrinsic renal ARF Postrenal ARF

Anemia of increased destruction Normochromic, normochromic anemia Shortened RBC survival Reticulocytosis--Response to increased RBC destruction Increased indirect bilirubin Increased LDH

Chronic Renal Insufficiency Pathogen and pathogenesis Manifestation Laboratory examination Diagnosis and differential diagnosis Treatment

Chapter 1 --Summary Chapter 2--Allergic Purpura Chapter 3--idic (immune) thrombocytopenia Fra(ITP) Chapter 4--thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) Chapter 5--Hemophilia